Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Conecticut 06520-8104, USA.
Plant Cell. 2011 Jul;23(7):2514-35. doi: 10.1105/tpc.111.085126. Epub 2011 Jul 29.
FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL3 (FHY3) and its homolog FAR-RED IMPAIRED RESPONSE1 (FAR1), two transposase-derived transcription factors, are key components in phytochrome A signaling and the circadian clock. Here, we use chromatin immunoprecipitation-based sequencing (ChIP-seq) to identify 1559 and 1009 FHY3 direct target genes in darkness (D) and far-red (FR) light conditions, respectively, in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. FHY3 preferentially binds to promoters through the FHY3/FAR1 binding motif (CACGCGC). Interestingly, FHY3 also binds to two motifs in the 178-bp Arabidopsis centromeric repeats. Comparison between the ChIP-seq and microarray data indicates that FHY3 quickly regulates the expression of 197 and 86 genes in D and FR, respectively. FHY3 also coregulates a number of common target genes with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKE5 and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5. Moreover, we uncover a role for FHY3 in controlling chloroplast development by directly activating the expression of ACCUMULATION AND REPLICATION OF CHLOROPLASTS5, whose product is a structural component of the latter stages of chloroplast division in Arabidopsis. Taken together, our data suggest that FHY3 regulates multiple facets of plant development, thus providing insights into its functions beyond light and circadian pathways.
远红伸长 HYPOCOTYL3（FHY3）及其同源物远红受损反应 1（FAR1），这两个转座酶衍生的转录因子，是植物色素 A 信号和生物钟中的关键组成部分。在这里，我们使用基于染色质免疫沉淀的测序（ChIP-seq）在拟南芥基因组中分别鉴定出黑暗（D）和远红（FR）光条件下 1559 和 1009 个 FHY3 直接靶基因。FHY3 通过 FHY3/FAR1 结合基序（CACGCGC）优先结合到启动子上。有趣的是，FHY3 还结合到拟南芥着丝粒重复序列的两个 178 个碱基对的基序上。ChIP-seq 和微阵列数据之间的比较表明，FHY3 分别在 D 和 FR 中快速调节 197 和 86 个基因的表达。FHY3 还与 PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKE5 和 ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 共同调节许多共同的靶基因。此外，我们发现 FHY3 通过直接激活 ACCUMULATION AND REPLICATION OF CHLOROPLASTS5 的表达来控制叶绿体发育，其产物是拟南芥叶绿体分裂后期的结构成分。总之，我们的数据表明，FHY3 调节植物发育的多个方面，从而深入了解其在光和生物钟途径之外的功能。
