Grayston J T, Campbell L A, Kuo C C, Mordhorst C H, Saikku P, Thom D H, Wang S P
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
J Infect Dis. 1990 Apr;161(4):618-25. doi: 10.1093/infdis/161.4.618.
Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR, the new third species of Chlamydia, is a common cause of pneumonia and other acute respiratory tract infections. About 10% of hospitalized and outpatient pneumonia cases have been associated with TWAR infection. TWAR is among the four or five most commonly identified causes of all pneumonia. Most TWAR infections are mild or asymptomatic, but occasionally severe pneumonia with death has been observed. Laboratory diagnosis is not generally available. Vigorous treatment with tetracycline or erythromycin is recommended. Both epidemic and endemic infections have been described in North America and the Nordic Countries. Population prevalence antibody studies suggest that TWAR infection is wide-spread throughout the world, that nearly everyone is infected and reinfected during their life-time, and that infection is common in all ages except those less than 5 years in temperate zone countries. The infection is transmitted from person to person, apparently with a long incubation period.
肺炎衣原体TWAR株是衣原体属的第三个新种，是肺炎和其他急性呼吸道感染的常见病因。约10%的住院和门诊肺炎病例与TWAR感染有关。TWAR是所有肺炎最常见的四五种病因之一。大多数TWAR感染症状轻微或无症状，但偶尔也会出现严重肺炎甚至导致死亡。一般无法进行实验室诊断。建议使用四环素或红霉素进行积极治疗。北美和北欧国家均有关于TWAR感染流行和地方性感染的报道。人群血清学研究表明，TWAR感染在全球广泛存在，几乎每个人在其一生中都会受到感染和再次感染，除了温带国家5岁以下儿童外，各年龄段感染都很常见。该感染通过人与人之间传播，潜伏期似乎很长。
