Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Obes Rev. 2011 Dec;12(12):1071-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00916.x. Epub 2011 Aug 3.
Obesity has been identified as a risk factor for osteoarthritis. For the weight-bearing joints, the combination of increased load and changed joint biomechanics could be regarded as underlying principle for this relation. This systematic review of the literature focused on the differences between obese and normal-weight subjects in biomechanics of the hip, knee and ankle joint during every day movements to summarize differences in joint load due to both higher body weight and differences in movement patterns. A systematic search, up to November 2010, was performed in the Pubmed and Embase databases. This review showed that obese individuals adjust their movement strategy of every day movements. At self-selected speed, obese individuals walked slower, with shorter and wider steps, had longer stance duration and had a greater toe-out angle compared with normal-weight individuals. Obese sit-to-stand movement was characterized by less hip flexion and greater foot displacement. Obese individuals showed altered biomechanics during every day movements. These altered biomechanics could be related to the initiation of osteoarthritis by a change in the load-bearing regions of the articular cartilage in the weight-bearing joints.
肥胖已被确定为骨关节炎的一个风险因素。对于承重关节，增加的负荷和改变的关节生物力学可以被认为是这种关系的潜在原理。本系统综述文献的重点是肥胖和正常体重受试者在日常运动中的髋关节、膝关节和踝关节生物力学方面的差异，以总结由于体重增加和运动模式差异而导致的关节负荷差异。系统检索了截至 2010 年 11 月的 Pubmed 和 Embase 数据库。本综述表明，肥胖者调整了他们日常运动的运动策略。在自选速度下，肥胖者行走较慢，步幅较短且较宽，站立时间较长，脚趾外展角度较大，与正常体重者相比。肥胖者从坐到站的运动特点是髋关节屈曲度减小，脚部位移增大。肥胖者在日常运动中表现出生物力学的改变。这些改变的生物力学可能与承重关节关节软骨的负重区域的改变有关，从而引发骨关节炎。
