Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
Cell Cycle. 2011 Aug 15;10(16):2683-90. doi: 10.4161/cc.10.16.17009.
With the exception of the final stages of spermatogenesis in butterfly and some unicellular ciliates and flagellates, ciliated cells undergo cell division without cilia. This reciprocal relationship between cilia formation and cell division has prompted investigators to propose that ciliogenesis and cell cycle progression are mutually exclusive processes. Early work in fibroblasts showed that deciliation occurs in two waves, as cells depart from quiescence. The first wave of deciliation occurs before entry into S, while the second wave occurs between S and mitosis. Since then, it has remained a mystery whether and how (de)ciliation is coupled to the cell cycle and further, whether ciliation can affect cell cycle progression. Several recent publications provide evidence for a causative role of ciliary resorption in influencing the duration of the G1 phase of the cell cycle impacting on several developmental processes, including left-right patterning, kidney, skeletal and brain development. This body of work argues for the existence of a molecular crosstalk between ciliary factors and regulators of the cell cycle. Here, we review the evidence connecting primary cilia and the cell cycle and evaluate the idea that the primary cilium may function as a physical checkpoint in cell cycle re-entry.
除了蝴蝶和一些单细胞纤毛和鞭毛生物的精子发生的最后阶段外，纤毛细胞在没有纤毛的情况下进行细胞分裂。纤毛的形成和细胞分裂之间的这种相互关系促使研究人员提出纤毛发生和细胞周期进展是相互排斥的过程。成纤维细胞的早期研究表明，脱纤毛发生有两个波，随着细胞从静止期退出。第一个脱纤毛波发生在进入 S 期之前，而第二个脱纤毛波发生在 S 期和有丝分裂之间。从那时起，脱纤毛是否以及如何（脱）与细胞周期偶联，以及纤毛是否会影响细胞周期进展，仍然是一个谜。最近的几篇出版物提供了证据，证明纤毛吸收在影响细胞周期 G1 期的持续时间方面起着因果作用，这影响了包括左右模式形成、肾脏、骨骼和大脑发育在内的几个发育过程。这一系列工作表明，纤毛因子和细胞周期调节剂之间存在分子串扰。在这里，我们回顾了连接初级纤毛和细胞周期的证据，并评估了初级纤毛可能作为细胞周期重新进入的物理检查点的观点。
