The Molecular Foundry, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 67R6110, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
J Chromatogr A. 2012 Mar 9;1228:250-62. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.07.019. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
The separations of small molecules using columns containing porous polymer monoliths invented two decades ago went a long way from the very modest beginnings to the current capillary columns with efficiencies approaching those featured by their silica-based counterparts. This review article presents a variety of techniques that have been used to form capillary formats of monolithic columns with enhanced separation performance in isocratic elutions. The following text first describes the traditional approaches used for the preparation of efficient monoliths comprising variations in polymerization conditions including temperature as well as composition of monomers and porogenic solvents. Encouraging results of these experiments fueled research of completely new preparation methods such as polymerization to an incomplete conversion, use of single crosslinker, hypercrosslinking, and incorporation of carbon nanotubes that are described in the second part of the text.
二十年前发明的使用含有多孔聚合物整体材料的柱子分离小分子，从小分子的分离效率从非常低的起点发展到目前接近基于硅胶的毛细管柱的效率。本文综述了各种技术，这些技术已被用于形成具有增强的在等度洗脱中的分离性能的毛细管形式的整体柱。本文首先描述了用于制备有效整体柱的传统方法，包括聚合条件的变化，包括温度以及单体和致孔溶剂的组成。这些实验的令人鼓舞的结果激发了对完全新的制备方法的研究，例如聚合到不完全转化、使用单一交联剂、超交联和碳纳米管的掺入，这些方法在本文的第二部分进行了描述。
