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1
What toxicity may result from the xenobiotic responsible for the finding on this plain film? Answer: reduced iron, found in heating pads and instant hand warmers, may result in elevated serum iron concentrations and subsequent iron toxicity.这种平片上的异物会导致什么毒性？答案：在加热垫和即时暖手器中发现的外源化学物还原剂可能导致血清铁浓度升高，进而导致铁中毒。
J Med Toxicol. 2011 Dec;7(4):327-8. doi: 10.1007/s13181-011-0169-z.
2
A case series of accidental ingestion of hand warmer.一系列误服暖手宝的病例
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2008 Nov;46(9):900-4. doi: 10.1080/15563650701711086.
3
Water reduces iron toxicity.水可以降低铁毒性。
Toxicol Ind Health. 2022 Nov;38(11):773-775. doi: 10.1177/07482337221124666. Epub 2022 Sep 5.
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Hard as Iron: A Case of Delayed Presentation of Severe Iron Toxicity With Diagnostic and Treatment Dilemmas.坚如钢铁：一例严重铁中毒的迟发表现及诊治困境。
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2021 May 1;37(5):e269-e271. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000002430.
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[Acute iron poisoning. A case report].[急性铁中毒。病例报告]
Rev Med Chil. 2001 Jun;129(6):660-2.
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Chemical Hand Warmer Packet Ingestion: A Case of Elemental Iron Exposure.化学暖手宝包摄入：一例元素铁暴露病例
Wilderness Environ Med. 2017 Sep;28(3):246-248. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2017.04.006. Epub 2017 Jun 17.
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Effectiveness of abdominal radiographs in visualizing chewable iron supplements following overdose.腹部X线片对过量服用后可咀嚼铁补充剂的显影效果。
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Minimum ingested iron cut-off triggering serious iron toxicity in children.引发儿童严重铁中毒的最低摄入铁量临界值。
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Comparison of commercially available disposable chemical hand and foot warmers.
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Iron intoxication in a dog consequent to the ingestion of oxygen absorber sachets in pet treat packaging.宠物食品包装中脱氧剂小袋被狗误食导致铁中毒。
J Med Toxicol. 2012 Mar;8(1):76-9. doi: 10.1007/s13181-011-0201-3.

本文引用的文献

1
A case series of accidental ingestion of hand warmer.一系列误服暖手宝的病例
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2008 Nov;46(9):900-4. doi: 10.1080/15563650701711086.
2
The acute oral toxicity of reduced iron.还原铁的急性经口毒性。
Can Med Assoc J. 1963 Jul 27;89(4):171-5.
3
Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of iron poisoning.铁中毒的毒代动力学与毒效动力学
Toxicol Lett. 1998 Dec 28;102-103:653-6. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00279-3.
4
Studies on the low toxicity of reduced iron, B.P. 1932.关于还原铁低毒性的研究，《英国药典》1932年版
Can Med Assoc J. 1967 Apr 22;96(16):1141-6.

这种平片上的异物会导致什么毒性？答案：在加热垫和即时暖手器中发现的外源化学物还原剂可能导致血清铁浓度升高，进而导致铁中毒。

What toxicity may result from the xenobiotic responsible for the finding on this plain film? Answer: reduced iron, found in heating pads and instant hand warmers, may result in elevated serum iron concentrations and subsequent iron toxicity.

机构信息

Hennepin Regional Poison Center, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA.

出版信息

J Med Toxicol. 2011 Dec;7(4):327-8. doi: 10.1007/s13181-011-0169-z.

DOI:10.1007/s13181-011-0169-z
PMID:21818692
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3550193/
Abstract

Disposable heating pads are commonly used products, with reduced iron as their active ingredient. Reduced iron is not expected to cause significant toxicity when ingested orally. We report a case of accidental heating pad ingestion seen on abdominal plain films that resulted in significantly elevated serum iron concentrations.

摘要

一次性加热垫是常用产品，其有效成分是还原铁。还原铁经口服摄入时，预计不会引起明显的毒性。我们报告了 1 例腹部平片上可见的意外加热垫摄入病例，导致血清铁浓度显著升高。