Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
J Neuroimmunol. 2011 Sep 15;238(1-2):1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.07.002. Epub 2011 Aug 5.
Inflammation is secondary to protein accumulation in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Emerging evidence indicate sustained inflammatory responses, involving microglia and astrocytes in animal models of neurodegeneration. It is unknown whether inflammation is beneficial or detrimental to disease progression and how inflammatory responses are induced within the CNS. Persistence of an inflammatory stimulus or failure to resolve sustained inflammation can result in pathology, thus, mechanisms that counteract inflammation are indispensable. Here we review studies on inflammation mediated by innate and adaptive immunity in the early stages of neurodegeneration and highlight important areas for future investigation.
在神经退行性疾病中，包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症，炎症是由蛋白质积累引起的。新出现的证据表明，在神经退行性变的动物模型中，持续的炎症反应涉及小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞。目前尚不清楚炎症对疾病进展是有益还是有害，以及炎症反应是如何在中枢神经系统中引发的。炎症刺激的持续存在或未能解决持续的炎症可能导致病理学，因此，对抗炎症的机制是不可或缺的。在这里，我们回顾了神经退行性疾病早期阶段由先天和适应性免疫介导的炎症研究，并强调了未来研究的重要领域。
