Altria Client Services, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2011 Nov;61(2):210-4. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.07.010. Epub 2011 Jul 29.
This review assesses published literature related to frequency and outcomes associated with accidental ingestion of tobacco and pharmaceutical nicotine products among young children. Twenty-seven years of annual reports by American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC) were analyzed for occurrence and outcomes associated with accidental ingestion events involving tobacco and pharmaceutical nicotine products among young children. Over a 27-year period, and of >50 million contacts for all categories combined, 217,340 contacts involving ingestion of tobacco products were reported. Approximately 89% involved children <6 years old. One fatality was reported, however the co-ingestion of both cigarettes and diazepam complicates an assessment of a contributory role of tobacco. The rate of major, non-fatal, outcomes was <0.1%. Data from AAPCC reports and other sources indicate the frequency of accidental poisoning events is relatively low for tobacco products compared with other products such as drugs, dietary supplements, cleaning products, and personal care products. These findings, along with those for pharmaceutical nicotine products, are consistent with published case reports and reviews, indicating that the frequency and severity of outcomes associated with accidental ingestion of tobacco products by young children appear to be relatively low. However, adults should keep tobacco products out of the reach of children.
这篇综述评估了已发表的文献，涉及儿童意外摄入烟草和医药用尼古丁产品的频率和结果。对美国毒物控制中心协会（AAPCC）27 年来的年度报告进行了分析，以了解与儿童意外摄入烟草和医药用尼古丁产品相关的发生情况和结果。在 27 年期间，涉及所有类别的 5000 多万次接触中，报告了 217340 次涉及烟草产品摄入的接触事件。其中约 89%涉及<6 岁的儿童。报告了 1 例死亡病例，但香烟和地西泮的同时摄入使评估烟草的促成作用变得复杂。主要非致命性严重后果的发生率<0.1%。来自 AAPCC 报告和其他来源的数据表明，与其他产品（如药物、膳食补充剂、清洁产品和个人护理产品）相比，烟草产品意外中毒事件的频率相对较低。这些发现与医药用尼古丁产品的发现一致，表明儿童意外摄入烟草产品的频率和严重程度似乎相对较低。然而，成年人应将烟草产品放在儿童接触不到的地方。
