Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 4800 Alberta Ave, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.
Curr Med Chem. 2011;18(26):3987-94. doi: 10.2174/092986711796957194.
HIV remains one of the most important deadly infections today, due to the lack of a preventive vaccine and limited access to medical care in developing countries. In developed countries antiretroviral therapy is available but the regime is unable to eliminate the virus, implying that life-long therapy is necessary. Dendritic cells (DCs) are important mediators of cellular and humoral immune responses and hence offer a promising therapeutic vaccination strategy to attenuate disease progression. The current knowledge in DC subsets and their functional plasticity are prominent determinants in harnessing the full immunostimulatory potential of dendritic cells. Type of antigen, immunogen delivery method, optimal interaction of antigenic peptide and T cells, and avoidance of tolerogenic responses are some of the elements that need to be considered to develop an efficient immunotherapy. Novel strategies that modulate DC functions that eventually trigger a robust cellular response against a broad T cell repertoire are needed. This review focuses on current DC-based vaccine strategies for optimal induction of immune responses.
HIV 仍然是当今最重要的致命感染之一，这是由于缺乏预防性疫苗和发展中国家获得医疗保健的机会有限。在发达国家，有抗逆转录病毒疗法，但该疗法无法消除病毒，这意味着需要终身治疗。树突状细胞 (DC) 是细胞和体液免疫反应的重要介质，因此提供了一种有前途的治疗性疫苗接种策略，以减轻疾病进展。目前对 DC 亚群及其功能可塑性的了解是充分发挥树突状细胞免疫刺激潜力的重要决定因素。抗原类型、免疫原传递方法、抗原肽与 T 细胞的最佳相互作用以及避免耐受反应是需要考虑的一些因素，以开发有效的免疫疗法。需要开发新的策略来调节 DC 的功能，最终引发针对广泛 T 细胞库的强大细胞反应。这篇综述重点介绍了基于 DC 的疫苗策略，以最佳诱导免疫反应。
