Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, USA.
J Sports Sci. 2011 Oct;29(13):1417-24. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2011.593186. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
Before completing a team-based dart-throwing activity, 80 undergraduates were randomly assigned to one of three pre-performance self-talk conditions: (a) self-talk statements that focused upon one's personal capabilities, (b) self-talk statements emphasizing the group's capabilities, or (c) a control condition where neutral statements were implemented. Participants in all conditions subsequently rated their confidence in their own (i.e. self-efficacy) as well as their team's (i.e. collective efficacy) capabilities, before carrying out the task. Overall, self-efficacy, collective efficacy, and performance indicators were all greatest for individuals who practised self-talk focusing on the group's capabilities, as opposed to individual-focused and neutral conditions. Findings are considered with respect to their novel theoretical contribution to the social cognition literature and their implications for fostering efficacy perceptions and team performance.
在完成基于团队的掷镖活动之前，80 名本科生被随机分配到三种预表现自我谈话条件之一：（a）专注于个人能力的自我谈话陈述，（b）强调团队能力的自我谈话陈述，或（c）实施中性陈述的控制条件。所有条件下的参与者随后都对自己（即自我效能）和团队（即集体效能）的能力进行了评估，然后才进行任务。总体而言，与专注于个人和中性条件的自我谈话相比，专注于团队能力的自我谈话的个体的自我效能感、集体效能感和绩效指标都更高。研究结果从社会认知文献的理论贡献及其对培养效能感和团队绩效的意义方面进行了考虑。
