Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA.
J Clin Microbiol. 2011 Oct;49(10):3531-6. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01279-11. Epub 2011 Aug 10.
Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses emerged in 1996 and have since evolved so extensively that a single strain can no longer be used as a prepandemic vaccine or diagnostic reagent. We therefore sought to identify the H5N1 strains that may best serve as cross-reactive diagnostic reagents. We compared the cross-reactivity of 27 viruses of clades 0, 1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and 4 and of four computationally designed ancestral H5N1 strains by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (MN) assays. Antigenic cartography was used to analyze the large quantity of resulting data. Cartographs of HI titers with chicken red blood cells were similar to those of MN titers, but HI with horse red blood cells decreased antigenic distances among the H5N1 strains studied. Thus, HI with horse red blood cells seems to be the assay of choice for H5N1 diagnostics. Whereas clade 2.2 antigens were able to detect antibodies raised to most of the tested H5N1 viruses (and clade 2.2-specific antisera detected most of the H5N1 antigens), ancestral strain A exhibited the widest reactivity pattern and hence was the best candidate diagnostic reagent for broad detection of H5N1 strains.
高致病性 H5N1 禽流感病毒于 1996 年出现，此后广泛进化，以至于单一毒株不再可用作大流行前疫苗或诊断试剂。因此，我们试图确定可能作为交叉反应性诊断试剂的最佳 H5N1 毒株。我们通过血凝抑制（HI）和微量中和（MN）试验比较了 0、1、2.1、2.2、2.3 和 4 类的 27 种病毒以及 4 种计算设计的原始 H5N1 毒株的交叉反应性。抗原制图用于分析大量的结果数据。用鸡红细胞进行 HI 滴度的图谱与 MN 滴度的图谱相似，但用马红细胞进行 HI 降低了所研究的 H5N1 株之间的抗原距离。因此，HI 与马红细胞似乎是 H5N1 诊断的首选检测方法。虽然 2.2 类抗原能够检测到针对大多数测试的 H5N1 病毒产生的抗体（并且 2.2 类特异性抗血清检测到大多数 H5N1 抗原），但原始株 A 表现出最广泛的反应模式，因此是广泛检测 H5N1 株的最佳候选诊断试剂。
