Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Cornea. 2011 Sep;30(9):1013-9. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e3182035ad9.
Evaporative dry eye is associated with meibomian gland dysfunction and abnormalities of the tear film lipids. Dry eye is known to be affected positively by intake of linoleic and γ-linolenic acids and n-3 fatty acids. Oral sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides) (SB) oil, which contains linoleic and α-linolenic acids and antioxidants, has shown beneficial effects on dry eye. The objective was to investigate whether supplementation with SB oil affects the composition of the tear film fatty acids in individuals reporting dry eye.
One hundred participants were randomized to this parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, which 86 of them completed. The participants daily consumed 2 g of SB or placebo oil for 3 months. Tear film samples were collected at the beginning, during, and at the end of the intervention and 1 to 2 months later. Tear film fatty acids were analyzed as methyl esters by gas chromatography.
There were no group differences in the changes in fatty acid proportions during the intervention (branched-chain fatty acids: P = 0.49, saturated fatty acids: P = 0.59, monounsaturated fatty acids: P = 0.53, and polyunsaturated fatty acids: P = 0.16).
The results indicate that the positive effects of SB oil on dry eye are not mediated through direct effects on the tear film fatty acids. Carotenoids and tocopherols in the oil or eicosanoids produced from the fatty acids of the oil may have a positive effect on inflammation and differentiation of the meibomian gland cells.
蒸发过强型干眼症与睑板腺功能障碍和泪膜脂质异常有关。已知摄入亚油酸和γ-亚麻酸以及 n-3 脂肪酸对干眼症有积极影响。含有亚油酸、α-亚麻酸和抗氧化剂的口服沙棘（Hippophaë rhamnoides）（SB）油已显示出对干眼症的有益作用。本研究旨在探讨补充 SB 油是否会影响报告有干眼症的个体的泪膜脂肪酸组成。
100 名参与者被随机分为平行、双盲、安慰剂对照研究，其中 86 名完成了研究。参与者每天服用 2 g 的 SB 油或安慰剂油，持续 3 个月。在干预开始、进行中和结束时以及干预结束后 1 至 2 个月采集泪膜样本。通过气相色谱法将泪膜脂肪酸分析为甲酯。
在干预期间，脂肪酸比例的变化在两组之间没有差异（支链脂肪酸：P = 0.49，饱和脂肪酸：P = 0.59，单不饱和脂肪酸：P = 0.53，多不饱和脂肪酸：P = 0.16）。
研究结果表明，SB 油对干眼症的积极影响不是通过直接作用于泪膜脂肪酸介导的。油中的类胡萝卜素和生育酚或油中的脂肪酸产生的类二十烷酸可能对睑板腺细胞的炎症和分化有积极影响。
