MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Aug 12;60(31):1053-7.
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) was launched by the World Health Assembly in 1988. By 2006, transmission of indigenous wild poliovirus (WPV) was interrupted in all countries except Nigeria, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. Among the 36 states and Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria, WPV transmission has persisted in eight northern states considered at high risk; in addition, four other northern states have been considered at high risk for WPV transmission. In these 12 high-risk states, type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) transmission also was observed during 2005-2011. This report updates GPEI progress in Nigeria during January 2010--June 2011 and describes activities required to interrupt transmission. In Nigeria, confirmed WPV cases decreased 95%, from 388 in 2009 to 21 in 2010; cVDPV2 cases decreased 82%, from 154 in 2009 to 27 in 2010. However, as of July 26, 2011, Nigeria had reported 24 WPV cases (including one WPV/cVDPV2 coinfection) and 11 cVDPV2 cases during January-June 2011, compared with six WPV cases and 10 cVDPV2 cases during January-June 2010. Despite substantial progress, immunization activities and surveillance sensitivity will need to be enhanced further to interrupt WPV transmission in Nigeria by the end of 2011.
全球根除脊髓灰质炎行动（GPEI）于 1988 年由世界卫生大会发起。到 2006 年，除尼日利亚、阿富汗、巴基斯坦和印度外，所有国家都已阻断本土野生脊灰病毒（WPV）的传播。在 36 个州和联邦首都区，WPV 传播持续存在于被认为高风险的 8 个北部州；此外，另外 4 个北部州也被认为存在 WPV 传播的高风险。在这 12 个高风险州，2005-2011 年期间还观察到 2 型循环疫苗衍生脊灰病毒（cVDPV2）的传播。本报告更新了 2010 年 1 月至 2011 年 6 月期间全球根除脊髓灰质炎行动在尼日利亚的进展情况，并介绍了阻断传播所需开展的活动。在尼日利亚，确诊的 WPV 病例减少了 95%，从 2009 年的 388 例降至 2010 年的 21 例；cVDPV2 病例减少了 82%，从 2009 年的 154 例降至 2010 年的 27 例。然而，截至 2011 年 7 月 26 日，尼日利亚在 2011 年 1 月至 6 月期间报告了 24 例 WPV 病例（包括 1 例 WPV/cVDPV2 合并感染）和 11 例 cVDPV2 病例，而 2010 年同期分别为 6 例 WPV 病例和 10 例 cVDPV2 病例。尽管取得了实质性进展，但仍需进一步加强免疫活动和监测敏感性，以便在 2011 年底前在尼日利亚阻断 WPV 的传播。
Zotero 插件