Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
Curr Genet. 2011 Oct;57(5):343-51. doi: 10.1007/s00294-011-0352-4. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a secondary metabolite produced by various Fusarium species and causes estrogenic disorders in humans and animals. Recent studies have identified the ZEA biosynthesis gene cluster in F. graminearum, but other genes such as transporters responsible for ZEA export have not been identified in the cluster. In this study, we performed microarray analyses from the wild-type strain with and without ZEA supplementation and ZEA-nonproducing strain zeb2 to discover other genes responsible for ZEA biosynthesis. Three putative ABC transporters were significantly down-regulated in the zeb2 and were under positive regulation of the ZEB2 gene, which functions as a transcriptional activator for ZEA production in this fungus. However, only one gene (ZRA1) was found to be up-regulated by 20-fold in the wild-type strain supplemented with ZEA, and deletion of ZRA1 resulted in reduced ZEA production. Deletions of the other two genes showed similar ZEA productions as the wild-type strain. ZRA1 localized to the plasma membrane and vacuoles indicating possible roles of ZRA1 as a transporter. This study indicated that ZRA1 is involved in ZEA production and shares a common regulatory mode with ZEA cluster genes by ZEB2.
玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）是由多种镰刀菌属产生的一种次生代谢产物，可引起人类和动物的雌激素紊乱。最近的研究已经确定了禾谷镰刀菌中 ZEA 生物合成基因簇，但在该簇中尚未鉴定出负责 ZEA 输出的其他基因，如转运体。在这项研究中，我们从添加和不添加 ZEA 的野生型菌株以及 ZEA 非产生菌株 zeb2 进行了微阵列分析，以发现其他负责 ZEA 生物合成的基因。在 zeb2 中，三个假定的 ABC 转运体显着下调，并且受到 ZEB2 基因的正调控，该基因在该真菌中作为 ZEA 产生的转录激活剂发挥作用。然而，只有一个基因（ZRA1）在添加 ZEA 的野生型菌株中被上调了 20 倍，并且缺失 ZRA1 导致 ZEA 产量降低。其他两个基因的缺失显示出与野生型菌株相似的 ZEA 产量。ZRA1 定位于质膜和液泡，表明 ZRA1 可能作为转运体发挥作用。这项研究表明，ZRA1 参与 ZEA 产生，并通过 ZEB2 与 ZEA 簇基因共享共同的调控模式。
