Kooi G H, Pit S
National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
Clin Ther. 1990 Jan-Feb;12(1):54-60.
One hundred children with peritonitis resulting from a perforated appendix were treated with ceftazidime or netilmicin. Metronidazole was added to both groups to treat the anaerobic organisms commonly associated with the infecting aerobic organisms in peritonitis. Escherichia coli was the most common aerobe found in peritoneal pus. Wound infection occurred in nine patients of the netilmicin group and in none treated with ceftazidime (P less than 0.01). No bacterial resistance was evident in the ceftazidime group, but gram-positive streptococci found in eight patients were resistant to netilmicin. Thus it is recommended that an antibiotic of the penicillin group be added if netilmicin is used to treat peritonitis. The results indicate that ceftazidime was more effective than netilmicin in the treatment of children with peritonitis resulting from a perforated appendix.
100名因阑尾穿孔导致腹膜炎的儿童接受了头孢他啶或奈替米星治疗。两组均加用甲硝唑以治疗腹膜炎中通常与感染性需氧菌相关的厌氧菌。大肠杆菌是在腹膜脓液中发现的最常见需氧菌。奈替米星组有9例患者发生伤口感染，而头孢他啶治疗组无1例发生伤口感染（P<0.01）。头孢他啶组未发现明显的细菌耐药性，但在8例患者中发现的革兰氏阳性链球菌对奈替米星耐药。因此，建议如果使用奈替米星治疗腹膜炎，应加用青霉素类抗生素。结果表明，在治疗因阑尾穿孔导致腹膜炎的儿童时，头孢他啶比奈替米星更有效。
