Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2011 Oct;32(10):452-60. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2011.06.008. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
Neutrophils are pivotal effector cells of innate immunity. Their recruitment into peripheral tissues is indispensable for host defense. Given their destructive potential, neutrophil entry into tissue must be tightly regulated in vivo to avoid damage to the host. An array of chemically diverse chemoattractants is active on neutrophils and participates in recruitment. Neutrophil chemoattractants were thought redundant in the control of neutrophil recruitment into peripheral tissue, based on their often indistinguishable effects on neutrophils in vitro and their frequently overlapping patterns of expression at inflammatory sites in vivo. Recent data, however, suggest that neutrophil chemoattractants have unique functions in the recruitment of neutrophils into inflammatory sites in vivo, dictated by their distinct patterns of temporal and spatial expression.
中性粒细胞是先天免疫的关键效应细胞。它们在周围组织中的募集对于宿主防御是不可或缺的。鉴于其潜在的破坏性，中性粒细胞在体内进入组织必须受到严格调控，以避免对宿主造成损害。一系列化学性质不同的趋化因子对中性粒细胞具有活性，并参与募集过程。基于趋化因子在体外对中性粒细胞的作用往往难以区分，以及在体内炎症部位的表达模式经常重叠，人们认为中性粒细胞趋化因子在控制中性粒细胞向周围组织募集方面是冗余的。然而，最近的数据表明，中性粒细胞趋化因子在体内炎症部位募集中性粒细胞方面具有独特的功能，这是由它们在时间和空间上的表达模式的不同所决定的。
