Department of Neonatology, The Townsville Hospital, Queensland 4814, Australia.
Microvasc Res. 2011 Nov;82(3):381-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mvr.2011.07.011. Epub 2011 Aug 4.
Currently, there are no published data on retinal microvasculature size in human infants born at term. The purpose of this study was to determine the normal retinal microvasculature measurements in human infants born at term with normal birth weight and to compare these results with measurements in children and adults.
Retinal arteriole and venule measurements were obtained in a cohort of 20 full-term infants. Digital retinal images were obtained from both eyes after pupillary dilation using a digital retinal camera. Measurements of vessel diameter were then obtained using semi-automated software.
Twenty infants (9 female infants and 11 male infants) were analyzed. The retinal arteriole diameter was 66.8-123.0 μm (mean, 85.5 (14.3) μm), and the venule diameter was 102.0-167.8 μm (mean, 130.0 (16.0) μm). There were no differences in the arterial or venule diameters between the male and female infants (83.2 (12.2) vs. 88.3 (16.9); P=0.4372; 124.3 (16.0) vs. 137.0 (18.0); P=0.08). The arteriovenous ratio was found to be 0.66 (95% CI 0.62-0.71). The coefficient of correlation between the retinal arterioles and venules was 0.56. The retinal arteriole and venule diameters increase as a person matures. The arteriovenous ratio also increases with age.
In newborn infants, retinal venules are significantly larger than retinal arterioles. The arteriovenous ratio is smaller in neonates compared to adults indicating the retinal arteriole diameter increases at a different pace compared to retinal venule. Sex does not influence the retinal microvasculature size in infants. The presence of spontaneous retinal hemorrhage and the inability to account for refractive errors were the main limitations of this study.
目前，尚无关于足月出生的正常体重人类婴儿视网膜微血管大小的已发表数据。本研究旨在确定足月出生、正常体重的人类婴儿视网膜微血管的正常测量值，并将这些结果与儿童和成人的测量值进行比较。
对 20 名足月婴儿进行了视网膜小动脉和小静脉测量。在瞳孔扩张后，使用数字视网膜照相机从双眼获取数字视网膜图像。然后使用半自动软件获得血管直径的测量值。
对 20 名婴儿（9 名女婴和 11 名男婴）进行了分析。视网膜小动脉直径为 66.8-123.0μm（平均值，85.5（14.3）μm），小静脉直径为 102.0-167.8μm（平均值，130.0（16.0）μm）。男婴和女婴的动脉或静脉直径之间没有差异（83.2（12.2）与 88.3（16.9）；P=0.4372；124.3（16.0）与 137.0（18.0）；P=0.08）。发现动静脉比值为 0.66（95%CI 0.62-0.71）。视网膜小动脉和小静脉之间的相关系数为 0.56。随着人的成熟，视网膜小动脉和小静脉直径增加。动静脉比值也随着年龄的增长而增加。
在新生儿中，视网膜小静脉明显大于视网膜小动脉。与成人相比，新生儿的动静脉比值较小，表明视网膜小动脉的直径增加速度与视网膜小静脉不同。性别不影响婴儿的视网膜微血管大小。本研究的主要局限性是存在自发性视网膜出血和无法解释屈光不正。
