LR Institute of Pharmacy, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173223, India.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Oct 11;137(3):1360-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.066. Epub 2011 Aug 5.
The genus Ocimum (Lamiaceae) has a long history of use as culinary and medicinal herbs. Many species are used for their antioxidant and neuroprotective activity in various parts of the world. Ocimum basilicum Linn. has been used traditionally for the treatment of anxiety, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, headaches, nerve pain, as anticonvulsant and anti-inflammatory, and used in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders.
The present study is designed to investigate the effect of ethyl acetate extract of Ocimum basilicum leaves on ischemia and reperfusion-induced cerebral damage, and motor dysfunctions in mice.
Global cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 15 min followed by reperfusion for 24h. Cerebral infarct size was measured using triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) content was determined by colorimetric assay. Short-term memory was evaluated using elevated plus-maze. Inclined beam walking was employed to assess motor coordination. Bilateral carotid artery occlusion followed by reperfusion produced significant increase in cerebral infarct size and lipid peroxidation (TBARS), and reduced GSH content, and impaired short-term memory and motor coordination.
Pre-treatment with standardized ethyl acetate extract of Ocimum basilicum (100 and 200mg/kg, p.o.) markedly reduced cerebral infarct size and lipid peroxidation, restored GSH content, and attenuated impairment in short-term memory and motor coordination.
The results of the study suggest that Ocimum basilicum could be useful clinically in the prevention of stroke.
罗勒属（唇形科）作为烹饪和药用草药已有悠久的应用历史。许多物种因其在世界各地的抗氧化和神经保护活性而被使用。罗勒（Ocimum basilicum Linn.）传统上被用于治疗焦虑、糖尿病、心血管疾病、头痛、神经痛、抗惊厥和抗炎，以及用于多种神经退行性疾病。
本研究旨在研究罗勒叶乙酸乙酯提取物对缺血再灌注诱导的脑损伤和小鼠运动功能障碍的影响。
通过双侧颈总动脉闭塞 15 分钟，再灌注 24 小时，诱导全脑缺血。采用氯化三苯基四氮唑染色法测量脑梗死面积。比色法测定丙二醛（TBARS）和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量。采用高架十字迷宫评估短期记忆。采用斜梁行走评估运动协调能力。
双侧颈总动脉闭塞再灌注后，脑梗死面积和脂质过氧化（TBARS）显著增加，GSH 含量降低，短期记忆和运动协调能力受损。
标准化罗勒叶乙酸乙酯提取物（100 和 200mg/kg，po）预处理可显著降低脑梗死面积和脂质过氧化，恢复 GSH 含量，减轻短期记忆和运动协调能力的损害。
研究结果表明，罗勒可能在临床上对预防中风有用。
