Kirby Tyler J, McBride Jeffrey M, Haines Tracie L, Dayne Andrea M
Neuromuscular Laboratory, Department of Health, Leisure & Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC.
J Appl Biomech. 2011 Aug;27(3):207-14. doi: 10.1123/jab.27.3.207.
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between relative net vertical impulse and jump height in a countermovement jump and static jump performed to varying squat depths. Ten college-aged males with 2 years of jumping experience participated in this investigation (age: 23.3 ± 1.5 years; height: 176.7 ± 4.5 cm; body mass: 84.4 ± 10.1 kg). Subjects performed a series of static jumps and countermovement jumps in a randomized fashion to a depth of 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, and 0.75 m and a self-selected depth (static jump depth = 0.38 ± 0.08 m, countermovement jump depth = 0.49 ± 0.06 m). During the concentric phase of each jump, peak force, peak velocity, peak power, jump height, and net vertical impulse were recorded and analyzed. Net vertical impulse was divided by body mass to produce relative net vertical impulse. Increasing squat depth corresponded to a decrease in peak force and an increase in jump height and relative net vertical impulse for both static jump and countermovement jump. Across all depths, relative net vertical impulse was statistically significantly correlated to jump height in the static jump (r = .9337, p < .0001, power = 1.000) and countermovement jump (r = .925, p < .0001, power = 1.000). Across all depths, peak force was negatively correlated to jump height in the static jump (r = -0.3947, p = .0018, power = 0.8831) and countermovement jump (r = -0.4080, p = .0012, power = 0.9050). These results indicate that relative net vertical impulse can be used to assess vertical jump performance, regardless of initial squat depth, and that peak force may not be the best measure to assess vertical jump performance.
本研究的目的是确定在不同深蹲深度下进行的反向跳和静态跳中，相对净垂直冲量与跳高技术的关系。10名有2年跳跃经验的大学年龄男性参与了本研究（年龄：23.3±1.5岁；身高：176.7±4.5厘米；体重：84.4±10.1千克）。受试者以随机方式进行一系列静态跳和反向跳，深蹲深度分别为0.15、0.30、0.45、0.60和0.75米以及一个自选深度（静态跳深度=0.38±0.08米，反向跳深度=0.49±0.06米）。在每次跳跃的蹬伸阶段，记录并分析峰值力、峰值速度、峰值功率、跳高和净垂直冲量。净垂直冲量除以体重得出相对净垂直冲量。对于静态跳和反向跳，深蹲深度增加对应着峰值力的降低以及跳高和相对净垂直冲量的增加。在所有深度下，相对净垂直冲量与静态跳（r = 0.9337，p < 0.0001，检验效能 = 1.000）和反向跳（r = 0.925，p < 0.0001，检验效能 = 1.000）的跳高均存在显著统计学相关性。在所有深度下，峰值力与静态跳（r = -0.3947，p = 0.0018，检验效能 = 0.8831）和反向跳（r = -0.4080，p = 0.0012，检验效能 = 0.9050）的跳高均呈负相关。这些结果表明，无论初始深蹲深度如何，相对净垂直冲量均可用于评估垂直跳跃表现，且峰值力可能并非评估垂直跳跃表现的最佳指标。
