Institute of Human Nutrition and Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Division, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Dec;94(6 Suppl):1986S-1992S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.110.001636. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
Oily fish provides marine n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids that are considered to be important in the growth, development, and health of the fetus and newborn infant.
The objectives were to increase salmon consumption among pregnant women and to determine the effect on maternal and umbilical cord plasma marine n-3 fatty acid content.
Women (n = 123) with low habitual consumption of oily fish were randomly assigned to continue their habitual diet or were provided with 2 portions of farmed salmon/wk to include in their diet from week 20 of pregnancy until delivery.
Median weekly consumption frequency of study salmon in the salmon group was 1.94 portions, and total fish consumption frequency was 2.11 portions/wk in the salmon group and 0.47 portions/wk in the control group (P < 0.001). Intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from the diet, from seafood, and from oily fish were higher in the salmon group (all P < 0.001). Percentages of EPA and DHA in plasma phosphatidylcholine decreased during pregnancy in the control group (P for trend = 0.029 and 0.008, respectively), whereas they increased in the salmon group (P for trend for both < 0.001). EPA and DHA percentages were higher in maternal plasma phosphatidylcholine at weeks 34 and 38 of pregnancy and in umbilical cord plasma phosphatidylcholine in the salmon group (P < 0.001 for all).
If pregnant women, who do not regularly eat oily fish, eat 2 portions of salmon/wk, they will increase their intake of EPA and DHA, achieving the recommended minimum intake; and they will increase their and their fetus' status of EPA and DHA. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00801502.
油性鱼类提供海洋 n-3（ω-3）脂肪酸，这些脂肪酸被认为对胎儿和新生儿的生长、发育和健康很重要。
本研究旨在增加孕妇对鲑鱼的食用量，并确定这对孕妇和脐血血浆海洋 n-3 脂肪酸含量的影响。
本研究将低习惯性食用油性鱼类的孕妇随机分为两组，一组继续其习惯性饮食，另一组则在妊娠第 20 周开始每周食用 2 份养殖鲑鱼，直至分娩。
鲑鱼组每周食用研究鲑鱼的频率中位数为 1.94 份，鲑鱼组和对照组的总鱼食用频率分别为 2.11 份/周和 0.47 份/周（P<0.001）。鲑鱼组从饮食、海鲜和油性鱼类中摄入的二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）均较高（均 P<0.001）。对照组孕妇血浆磷脂酰胆碱中 EPA 和 DHA 的百分比在妊娠期间下降（趋势 P 值分别为 0.029 和 0.008），而鲑鱼组则增加（趋势 P 值均<0.001）。在妊娠第 34 和 38 周时，孕妇血浆磷脂酰胆碱中 EPA 和 DHA 的百分比以及在鲑鱼组脐血血浆磷脂酰胆碱中 EPA 和 DHA 的百分比均较高（均 P<0.001）。
如果不经常食用油性鱼类的孕妇每周食用 2 份鲑鱼，她们将增加 EPA 和 DHA 的摄入量，达到建议的最低摄入量；并且她们将增加自身和胎儿的 EPA 和 DHA 状态。本试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 注册，编号为 NCT00801502。
