Department of Geography, University of Oulu, PO Box 3000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
Int J Public Health. 2012 Jun;57(3):525-33. doi: 10.1007/s00038-011-0286-0. Epub 2011 Aug 19.
To evaluate the association of self-reported health with residential area type defined by the population density in individual's local environment using a population-based cohort in Finland.
Young adults of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (4,201 women and 3,835 men), surveyed by a postal questionnaire in 1997, were linked to population density of their resident grid (1 km(2)) depicting different types of residential areas. Self-reported health was regressed on residential area type using ordinal logistic analysis, adjusting for psychosocial well-being, social relationships, health behaviour, education and residence time.
Cumulative odds ratios (COR) for poor health were lowest in high-rise centres, highest in scattered settlement areas and second highest in transitional zones. Adjustments (especially for education and time of residence) reduced the CORs to insignificance except the persistently high COR for women in scattered settlement areas.
Poor self-reported health is associated with individual's residential area type, with the lowest occurrence in high-rise centres and higher elsewhere. The difference is likely explained, at least partly, by a complex of psychosocial factors, possibly different for women and men.
利用芬兰的基于人群的队列，评估个体所处环境中人口密度所定义的居住区域类型与自报健康状况之间的关联。
1997 年，通过邮寄问卷对芬兰北部出生队列 1966 年的青年成年人（女性 4201 人，男性 3835 人）进行了调查，并将其与居住网格（1 平方公里）的人口密度相关联，该网格描绘了不同类型的居住区域。使用有序逻辑回归分析，在调整了心理社会幸福感、社会关系、健康行为、教育和居住时间等因素后，将自报健康状况与居住区域类型进行回归。
在高层中心，累积优势比（COR）最低，在分散的定居区最高，在过渡区次之。调整后（尤其是教育和居住时间）除了女性在分散定居区的 COR 持续较高外，COR 均无统计学意义。
自报健康状况与个体的居住区域类型有关，在高层中心发生率最低，其他地方较高。这种差异可能至少部分由心理社会因素的综合作用所解释，对于女性和男性可能不同。
