LAHMESS, University of South France Toulon-Var, Toulon, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2012 Apr;112(4):1549-56. doi: 10.1007/s00421-011-2115-9. Epub 2011 Aug 19.
The aim of the present study was to compare the maximal isometric torque and cardio-respiratory parameters in well-trained young and master triathletes prior to and following an Olympic distance triathlon. One day before and 24 h following the event, participants performed three maximum voluntary isometric knee extensions and flexions and an incremental running test on a treadmill to determine the maximal isometric torque, maximal oxygen uptake VO(2max), speed at VO(2max) (vVO(2)max), speed at ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2) and submaximal running economy. Prior to the event VO(2max), vVO(2)max, speed at ventilatory thresholds and running economy were significantly lower in master athletes, but maximal voluntary torque was similar between the groups. 24 h following the race, a similar significant decrease in VO(2max) (-3.1% in masters, and -6.2% in young, p < 0.05), and vVO(2)max (-9.5% in masters, and -5.6% in young, p < 0.05) was observed in both the groups. The speed at VT2 significantly decreased only in master athletes (-8.3%, p < 0.05), while no change was recorded in maximal voluntary torque or submaximal running economy following the event. The results indicate that for well-trained subjects, the overall relative exercise intensity during an Olympic distance triathlon and the fatigue 24 h following the event seem to be independent of age.
本研究旨在比较训练有素的年轻和资深铁人三项运动员在参加奥林匹克距离铁人三项赛前和赛后的最大等长扭矩和心肺参数。在比赛前一天和 24 小时后，参与者在跑步机上进行了三次最大自主等长膝关节伸展和屈曲以及递增跑步测试，以确定最大等长扭矩、最大摄氧量 VO(2max)、达到最大摄氧量的速度 (vVO(2)max)、通气阈值 (VT1 和 VT2)的速度和亚最大跑步经济性。在比赛前，资深运动员的最大摄氧量 VO(2max)、达到最大摄氧量的速度 vVO(2)max、通气阈值速度和跑步经济性显著降低，但最大自主扭矩在两组之间相似。赛后 24 小时，两组的最大摄氧量 VO(2max)均显著下降（资深运动员下降 3.1%，年轻运动员下降 6.2%，p<0.05），达到最大摄氧量的速度 vVO(2)max 也显著下降（资深运动员下降 9.5%，年轻运动员下降 5.6%，p<0.05）。只有资深运动员的 VT2 速度显著下降（下降 8.3%，p<0.05），而最大自主扭矩或亚最大跑步经济性在赛后没有变化。结果表明，对于训练有素的受试者，奥林匹克距离铁人三项赛中的整体相对运动强度和赛后 24 小时的疲劳似乎与年龄无关。
