Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Nov;38(11):1761-75. doi: 10.1007/s10295-011-1024-6. Epub 2011 Aug 19.
The Athabasca Oil Sands are located within the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin, which covers over 140,200 km(2) of land in Alberta, Canada. The oil sands provide a unique environment for bacteria as a result of the stressors of low water availability and high hydrocarbon concentrations. Understanding the mechanisms bacteria use to tolerate these stresses may aid in our understanding of how hydrocarbon degradation has occurred over geological time, and how these processes and related tolerance mechanisms may be used in biotechnology applications such as microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). The majority of research has focused on microbiology processes in oil reservoirs and oilfields; as such there is a paucity of information specific to oil sands. By studying microbial processes in oil sands there is the potential to use microbes in MEOR applications. This article reviews the microbiology of the Athabasca Oil Sands and the mechanisms bacteria use to tolerate low water and high hydrocarbon availability in oil reservoirs and oilfields, and potential applications in MEOR.
艾伯塔省阿萨巴斯卡油砂位于加拿大西部沉积盆地内，占地超过 140200 平方公里。油砂为细菌提供了一个独特的环境，因为这里的水供应不足和碳氢化合物浓度高，对细菌构成了压力。了解细菌用于耐受这些压力的机制可能有助于我们理解烃类降解是如何在地质时间内发生的，以及这些过程和相关的耐受机制如何应用于生物技术应用，如微生物强化采油 (MEOR)。大多数研究都集中在油藏和油田中的微生物学过程上；因此，针对油砂的信息很少。通过研究油砂中的微生物过程，有可能在 MEOR 应用中使用微生物。本文综述了艾伯塔省阿萨巴斯卡油砂的微生物学以及细菌在油藏和油田中耐受低水和高碳氢化合物的机制，以及在 MEOR 中的潜在应用。
