Fujita Masanori, Sato Hiroki, Kaku Koki, Tokuno Shinichi, Kanatani Yasuhiro, Suzuki Shinya, Shinomiya Nariyoshi
Division of Environmental Medicine, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Saitama, Japan.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2011 Aug;82(8):782-9. doi: 10.3357/asem.3023.2011.
After a report of H1N1 novel influenza in Mexico and North America, Japan conducted onboard quarantine inspections from late April 2009. The detection rate in border quarantine inspection is low due to incubation period and thus inspection is considered to be ineffective in blocking the entry of influenza. However, little is known about the concomitant effects of such inspection, such as increased traceability, upon secondary transmission.
Epidemiological data were collected from the web sites of the Department of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan and the National Institute of Infectious Diseases of Japan. The number of weekly patients with H1N1 pandemic influenza in eight districts of Japan was summarized. The number of patients who passed through quarantine inspection at the airports was also calculated. A person with overseas travel history was defined as a person who had a flight only from the United States, Canada, or Mexico and passed through the quarantine inspection (according to the quarantine policy of the Japanese government). The numbers were adjusted for the population of each district and expressed as the number of patients per one million people.
Despite Kanto district having the largest population, the number of patients with H1N1 novel influenza was relatively small. The total number of cases in each district correlated inversely to the percentage of cases with airport quarantine inspection.
Quarantine inspection at the airports, follow-up observation by local authorities, and overall concomitant efforts may have contributed to secondary infection control in Japan.
在墨西哥和北美报告出现甲型H1N1流感疫情后，日本于2009年4月下旬开始实施登机检疫检查。由于潜伏期的原因，边境检疫检查的检出率较低，因此人们认为这种检查在阻止流感传入方面效果不佳。然而，对于这种检查的附带影响，如增加可追溯性对二次传播的影响，人们却知之甚少。
从日本厚生劳动省网站和日本国立传染病研究所网站收集流行病学数据。汇总了日本八个地区每周甲型H1N1大流行性流感患者的数量。还计算了在机场通过检疫检查的患者数量。有海外旅行史的人定义为仅乘坐从美国、加拿大或墨西哥起飞的航班并通过检疫检查的人（根据日本政府的检疫政策）。这些数字根据每个地区的人口进行了调整，并表示为每百万人中的患者数量。
尽管关东地区人口最多，但甲型H1N1流感患者数量相对较少。每个地区的病例总数与机场检疫检查病例的百分比呈负相关。
机场检疫检查、地方当局的后续观察以及整体附带措施可能对日本的二次感染控制起到了作用。
