Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
Placenta. 2011 Oct;32(10):716-23. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.07.081. Epub 2011 Aug 19.
Trophoblast deportation was first described before the turn of the 20th Century by the German Scientist Schmorl and is now considered a normal physiological process during human pregnancy. Increased shedding and deportation of placental trophoblast is well documented in preeclampsia, one of the most common diseases of pregnancy. This review summarises the seminal historical and contemporary publications that have contributed to our knowledge of trophoblast deportation to the maternal lungs, their presence and quantity in the maternal circulation during normal pregnancy and during preeclampsia, and the range of morphologies deported trophoblasts display. Finally, the contentious nature of the deported multinucleated trophoblasts' current nomenclature (syncytial knots vs. sprouts) is considered.
滋养细胞脱落最早由德国科学家 Schmorl 在 20 世纪初描述，现在被认为是人类妊娠过程中的正常生理过程。子痫前期是最常见的妊娠疾病之一，大量的胎盘滋养层脱落和被排出已有相关文献记载。本综述总结了一些重要的历史和当代文献，这些文献有助于我们了解滋养细胞向母亲肺部的排出、它们在正常妊娠和子痫前期期间在母体循环中的存在和数量，以及排出的滋养层细胞的各种形态。最后，还考虑了排出的多核滋养细胞目前命名法（合胞体结节与芽突）的争议性。
