Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2012 Mar;21(2):155-62. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0b013e32834a8002.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are not only byproducts of normal cellular metabolism, but also play important roles in cell signaling. However, when the levels of ROS and RNS increase, cells are exposed to oxidative stresses, which activate a variety of mechanisms to allow them to cope with these changes. Studies have shown that oxidative stress conditions play an important role in both the initiation and the progression of prostate cancer by regulating molecules such as DNA, enhancers, transcription factors, and cell cycle regulators. Other studies have shown that antioxidants, molecules that protect cells against oxidative stress, play a role in prevention of prostate cancer. This review summarizes the effects of oxidative stress on the development of prostate cancer and explores the potential of ROS regulators as preventatives for prostate cancer.
活性氧（ROS）和活性氮（RNS）不仅是正常细胞代谢的副产物，而且在细胞信号转导中也起着重要作用。然而，当 ROS 和 RNS 的水平增加时，细胞会受到氧化应激的影响，从而激活多种机制来使它们适应这些变化。研究表明，氧化应激条件通过调节 DNA、增强子、转录因子和细胞周期调节剂等分子在前列腺癌的发生和发展中起着重要作用。其他研究表明，抗氧化剂（一种保护细胞免受氧化应激的分子）在预防前列腺癌方面发挥作用。本综述总结了氧化应激对前列腺癌发展的影响，并探讨了 ROS 调节剂作为前列腺癌预防剂的潜力。
