Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Valladolid University, C/Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011, Valladolid, Spain.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Mar;93(5):2181-91. doi: 10.1007/s00253-011-3529-3. Epub 2011 Aug 23.
The microbial communities (Bacteria and Archaea) established in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor used to treat synthetic vinasse (betaine, glucose, acetate, propionate, and butyrate) were characterized by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and phylogenetic analysis. This study was focused on the competitive and syntrophic interactions between the different microbial groups at varying influent substrate to sulfate ratios of 8, 4, and 2 and anaerobic or micro-aerobic conditions. Acetogens detected along the anaerobic phases at substrate to sulfate ratios of 8 and 4 seemed to be mainly involved in the fermentation of glucose and betaine, but they were substituted by other sugar or betaine degraders after oxygen application. Typical fatty acid degraders that grow in syntrophy with methanogens were not detected during the entire reactor run. Likely, sugar and betaine degraders outnumbered them in the DGGE analysis. The detected sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) belonged to the hydrogen-utilizing Desulfovibrio. The introduction of oxygen led to the formation of elemental sulfur (S(0)) and probably other sulfur compounds by sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (γ-Proteobacteria). It is likely that the sulfur intermediates produced from sulfide oxidation were used by SRB and other microorganisms as electron acceptors, as was supported by the detection of the sulfur respiring Wolinella succinogenes. Within the Archaea population, members of Methanomethylovorans and Methanosaeta were detected throughout the entire reactor operation. Hydrogenotrophic methanogens mainly belonging to the genus Methanobacterium were detected at the highest substrate to sulfate ratio but rapidly disappeared by increasing the sulfate concentration.
采用变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）和系统发育分析的方法，对用于处理合成废糟液（甜菜碱、葡萄糖、乙酸盐、丙酸盐和丁酸盐）的厌氧流化床反应器中的微生物群落（细菌和古菌）进行了研究。本研究主要关注不同微生物群体在不同的进水基质与硫酸盐比值（8、4 和 2）和厌氧或微氧条件下的竞争和共代谢相互作用。在基质与硫酸盐比值为 8 和 4 的厌氧阶段检测到的产乙酸菌似乎主要参与葡萄糖和甜菜碱的发酵，但在曝气后，它们被其他糖或甜菜碱降解菌所取代。在整个反应器运行过程中，没有检测到与产甲烷菌共生的典型脂肪酸降解菌。可能在 DGGE 分析中，糖和甜菜碱降解菌的数量超过了它们。检测到的硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）属于氢利用型脱硫弧菌。氧气的引入导致了硫氧化菌（γ-变形菌纲）形成元素硫（S(0)）和可能的其他硫化合物。很可能，硫氧化产生的硫中间体被 SRB 和其他微生物用作电子受体，这得到了检测到的硫呼吸型沃林氏菌的支持。在古菌种群中，检测到 Methanomethylovorans 和 Methanosaeta 的成员在整个反应器运行过程中都存在。主要属于 Methanobacterium 属的氢营养型产甲烷菌在最高的基质与硫酸盐比值下被检测到，但随着硫酸盐浓度的增加，它们迅速消失。
