Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, PO Box 5, Changping, Beijing 102206, PR China.
J Infect. 2011 Dec;63(6):441-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2011.07.018. Epub 2011 Aug 16.
Despite extensive childhood immunization, pertussis remains one of the world's leading causes of vaccine-preventable deaths. Incidence of pertussis in adolescents and adults has increased in many countries despite high vaccination coverage. In China, booster vaccinations against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis are not used in adults, and little is known about pertussis incidence in the age group. The aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT) and diphtheria among adults in China.
Blood samples were obtained from 210 healthy adults aged 18-50 years in Weifang city, China during the period of May and June 2010. Serum IgG antibodies against PT (anti-PT IgG) and diphtheria were determined by the commercial ELISA kits, respectively. According to the kit, concentration of anti-PT IgG higher than 30 IU/mL was considered positive. An antibody concentration of ≥ 0.1 IU/mL was defined as evidence of seroprotection against diphtheria.
The mean concentration of anti-PT IgG antibodies was 9.95 IU/mL (95% confidence interval (CI) 8.45-11.44). Eleven (5.24%) of the studied subjects were proved to be seropositive to pertussis. Of the 210 subjects, 161 (76.6%) had anti-diphtheria antibody concentration ≥ 0.1 IU/mL and 49 (23.3%) had the antibody concentration between 0.01 and 0.099 IU/mL.
Our study indicated that about 5% of adults aged 18-50 years had positive anti-PT IgG antibodies, suggesting that adult pertussis is not uncommon in China. Although a high proportion of studied subjects had a protective level of immunity against diphtheria, the antibody level decreased with the increasing age of adults. Booster vaccinations against pertussis should be considered in adults in China.
尽管儿童广泛接种疫苗，但百日咳仍是全球可通过疫苗预防的死亡的主要原因之一。尽管疫苗接种率较高，但许多国家青少年和成人的百日咳发病率有所上升。在中国，成人不使用白喉、破伤风和百日咳加强疫苗，对该年龄组百日咳发病率知之甚少。本研究旨在确定中国成年人对百日咳毒素（PT）和白喉的 IgG 抗体血清阳性率。
2010 年 5 月至 6 月期间，从中国潍坊市的 210 名 18-50 岁健康成年人中采集血样。使用商业 ELISA 试剂盒分别检测血清中针对 PT（抗-PT IgG）和白喉的 IgG 抗体。根据试剂盒，抗-PT IgG 浓度高于 30 IU/mL 被认为是阳性。抗体浓度≥0.1 IU/mL 被定义为对白喉有血清保护作用。
抗-PT IgG 抗体的平均浓度为 9.95 IU/mL（95%置信区间 8.45-11.44）。研究对象中有 11 人（5.24%）被证实对百日咳呈血清阳性。在 210 名受试者中，161 名（76.6%）的抗白喉抗体浓度≥0.1 IU/mL，49 名（23.3%）的抗白喉抗体浓度在 0.01-0.099 IU/mL 之间。
我们的研究表明，18-50 岁成年人中约有 5%的人抗-PT IgG 抗体呈阳性，表明成人百日咳在中国并不少见。尽管研究对象中有很大一部分人对白喉具有保护水平的免疫力，但随着成年人年龄的增长，抗体水平下降。中国应考虑对成人进行百日咳加强免疫。
