Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
J Infect. 2011 Dec;63(6):429-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2011.07.019. Epub 2011 Aug 16.
Because of concerns following necrotizing fasciitis (NF) reports in the media, we aimed to describe the incidence, mortality, case fatality and distribution of NF in New Zealand (NZ).
By using International Classification of Disease codes to identify NF cases we analyzed the national hospital discharge and mortality data and reviewed 299 charts from 8 hospitals. The sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of the hospital discharge data were calculated by comparing with the mortality dataset and chart review finding respectively.
Between 1990 and 2006 there was a highly significant rise in annual incidence and mortality rates of NF from 0.18 to 1.69 and from 0 to 0.3 per 100,000 person-years respectively. The causes of this increase are unknown, and were not related to 2004 coding changes for NF. Hospital discharge data had a PPV of 82.6% and sensitivity of 76.8%. The case fatality was 20.8%. Disease risk was highest in the elderly, males, and Pacific and Maori populations.
These findings suggest that incidence and mortality of NF are increasing in NZ. Further work is needed to investigate the causes of this increase and the marked ethnic inequalities in disease rates, particularly factors that may be preventable.
由于媒体报道了坏死性筋膜炎（NF）的相关病例，我们旨在描述新西兰（NZ）NF 的发病率、死亡率、病死率和分布情况。
我们使用国际疾病分类代码识别 NF 病例，分析了国家住院和死亡率数据，并对来自 8 家医院的 299 份图表进行了回顾。通过与死亡率数据集和图表审查结果分别进行比较，计算了住院数据的敏感性和阳性预测值（PPV）。
1990 年至 2006 年，NF 的年发病率和死亡率分别从 0.18 升至 1.69 和从 0 升至 0.3/100,000 人年，呈显著上升趋势。这种增加的原因尚不清楚，与 2004 年 NF 的编码变化无关。住院数据的 PPV 为 82.6%，灵敏度为 76.8%。病死率为 20.8%。疾病风险在老年人、男性、太平洋岛民和毛利人群中最高。
这些发现表明 NF 的发病率和死亡率在新西兰正在增加。需要进一步研究这种增加的原因以及疾病发病率方面明显的种族不平等现象，特别是那些可能是可以预防的因素。
