Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Strasse 46,D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2012 Apr;22(4):267-80. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.07.014. Epub 2011 Aug 24.
To examine the efficacy, 3- and 6-month follow-up effects of a psychological treatment for older adolescents and adults with DSM-IV cannabis use disorders. The program was tailored to the needs of this patient population.
A randomized controlled clinical trial of 122 patients aged 16 to 44 years with DSM-IV cannabis dependence as the main substance use diagnosis was conducted. Patients were randomly assigned to either Active Treatment (AT, n = 90) or a Delayed Treatment Control group (DTC, n = 32). Treatment consisted of 10 sessions of therapy, detailed in a strictly enforced manual. Assessments were conducted at baseline, during each therapy session, at post treatment and at follow-up assessments at 3 and 6 months.
The treatment retention rate was 88%. Abstinence was achieved in 49% of AT patients and in 13% of those in DTC (p < 0.001; intend-to-treat (ITT) analysis). Further, AT patients improved significantly (p < = 0.001) in the frequency of cannabis use per week, addiction severity, number of disability days, and overall level of psychopathology. Program effects were maintained over a 3-month- (abstinence rate: 51%) and 6-month follow-up (45%) period.
The treatment program is effective in obtaining abstinence as well as reducing cannabis use and improves the associated social and mental health burden.
考察一种针对 DSM-IV 大麻使用障碍的老年青少年和成人的心理治疗的疗效和 3 个月及 6 个月的随访效果。该方案针对该患者群体的需求进行了调整。
对 122 名年龄在 16 至 44 岁之间、DSM-IV 大麻依赖为主的物质使用诊断的患者进行了一项随机对照临床试验。患者被随机分配到积极治疗组（AT，n=90）或延迟治疗对照组（DTC，n=32）。治疗包括 10 次治疗，治疗方案详细记录在严格执行的手册中。在基线、每次治疗期间、治疗后和 3 个月及 6 个月的随访评估中进行评估。
治疗保留率为 88%。AT 组患者中有 49%的患者达到了禁欲，而 DTC 组中只有 13%的患者达到了禁欲（p<0.001；意向治疗（ITT）分析）。此外，AT 组患者在每周大麻使用频率、成瘾严重程度、残疾天数和整体心理病理水平方面均有显著改善（p<=0.001）。该方案的效果在 3 个月（禁欲率：51%）和 6 个月的随访期内得到维持（禁欲率：45%）。
该治疗方案在获得禁欲方面有效，同时减少了大麻的使用，并改善了相关的社会和心理健康负担。
