Department of Medical Radiology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2011 Sep;17(9):RA199-204. doi: 10.12659/msm.881923.
The use of iodine-based contrast agents always entails the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). The recently observed dramatic increase in the number of examinations and therapeutic procedures using iodine-based contrast media led us to conduct a thorough analysis of the growing number of scientific reports and collective works devoted to contrast-induced nephropathy, based on current definitions, epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, successful prophylaxis and guidelines of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR). Radiological contrast agents are the third most common cause of nephropathy among in-patients, accounting for 11-12% of cases. CIN is connected with some clinically significant consequences, including increased morbidity, prolonged hospitalisation, increased risk of complications, potential need for dialysis and increased mortality rate. A significant increase in the number of examinations applying iodine-based contrast media in the course of inpatient procedures requires close cooperation of the clinician and radiologist, supported by knowledge of all CIN issues. In order to protect patients from contrast-induced nephropathy, it is necessary to monitor their renal function, indentify patients with risk factors, refer patients for examinations in a responsible manner, and undertake successful preventive measures.
使用碘造影剂总是存在造影剂肾病（CIN）的风险。最近观察到，使用碘造影剂的检查和治疗程序数量急剧增加，这促使我们根据当前的定义、流行病学、病理生理学、危险因素、成功的预防措施和欧洲泌尿生殖放射学会（ESUR）的指南，对越来越多的关于造影剂肾病的科学报告和集体著作进行了全面分析。放射造影剂是住院患者中导致肾病的第三大常见原因，占 11-12%的病例。CIN 与一些具有临床意义的后果相关，包括发病率增加、住院时间延长、并发症风险增加、潜在需要透析和死亡率增加。在住院治疗过程中，应用碘造影剂的检查数量显著增加，这需要临床医生和放射科医生密切合作，并了解所有 CIN 问题。为了保护患者免受造影剂肾病的影响，有必要监测他们的肾功能，识别有危险因素的患者，负责任地为患者安排检查，并采取成功的预防措施。
