Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2011 Oct;79(5):613-7. doi: 10.1037/a0025189.
This study investigated the association between mindfulness, other resilience resources, and several measures of health in 124 urban firefighters.
Participants completed health measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems and measures of resilience resources including mindfulness, optimism, personal mastery, and social support. The Mindful Awareness and Attention Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) was used to assess mindfulness. Participants also completed measures of firefighter stress, number of calls, and years as a firefighter as control variables. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted with the health measures as the dependent variables with 3 levels of independent variables: (a) demographic characteristics, (b) firefighter variables, and (c) resilience resources.
The results showed that mindfulness was associated with fewer PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems when controlling for the other study variables. Personal mastery and social support were also related to fewer depressive symptoms, firefighter stress was related to more PTSD symptoms and alcohol problems, and years as a firefighter were related to fewer alcohol problems.
Mindfulness may be important to consider and include in models of stress, coping, and resilience in firefighters. Future studies should examine the prospective relationship between mindfulness and health in firefighters and others in high-stress occupations.
本研究调查了正念、其他恢复力资源与 124 名城市消防员的多项健康指标之间的关系。
参与者完成了创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状、抑郁症状、身体症状和酒精问题的健康指标以及正念、乐观、个人掌控力和社会支持等恢复力资源的测量。正念意识与注意量表（MAAS；Brown & Ryan，2003）用于评估正念。参与者还完成了消防员压力、呼叫次数和服役年限的测量，作为控制变量。健康指标作为因变量，采用 3 个水平的自变量（a）人口统计学特征、（b）消防员变量和（c）恢复力资源进行分层多元回归。
在控制其他研究变量的情况下，正念与 PTSD 症状、抑郁症状、身体症状和酒精问题的减少有关。个人掌控力和社会支持也与抑郁症状的减少有关，消防员压力与 PTSD 症状和酒精问题的增加有关，服役年限与酒精问题的减少有关。
正念在消防员的压力、应对和恢复力模型中可能是一个重要的考虑因素。未来的研究应该在高压力职业中的消防员和其他人中，前瞻性地研究正念与健康之间的关系。
