Low Chian-Yong, Rotstein Coleman
F1000 Med Rep. 2011;3:14. doi: 10.3410/M3-14. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
Invasive fungal infections are infections of importance and are increasing in incidence in immunocompromised hosts such as patients who have had hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplants. Despite our expanded antifungal armamentarium, these infections cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Indeed, certain trends have emerged in these invasive fungal infections: a rise in the incidence of invasive mold infections, an increase in the non-albicans strains of Candida spp. causing invasive disease and, finally, the emergence of less susceptible fungal strains that are resistant to the broader-spectrum antifungal agents due to overutilization of these agents. Clinicians must recognize the patient groups that are potentially at risk for these invasive fungal infections, as well as the risk factors for such infections. By using more sensitive nonculture-based diagnostic techniques, appropriate therapy may be initiated earlier to enhance survival in these immunocompromised patient populations.
侵袭性真菌感染是重要的感染类型，在免疫功能低下的宿主中发病率不断上升，如接受造血干细胞移植和实体器官移植的患者。尽管我们的抗真菌药物库有所扩大，但这些感染仍会导致相当高的发病率和死亡率。事实上，这些侵袭性真菌感染已出现某些趋势：侵袭性霉菌感染的发病率上升，引起侵袭性疾病的念珠菌属非白色念珠菌菌株增加，最后，由于广谱抗真菌药物的过度使用，出现了对这些药物敏感性降低的耐药真菌菌株。临床医生必须识别出这些侵袭性真菌感染的潜在高危患者群体以及此类感染的危险因素。通过使用更敏感的非培养诊断技术，可以更早地开始适当治疗，以提高这些免疫功能低下患者群体的生存率。
