Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Salud Publica Mex. 2011;53 Suppl 1:S7-12.
To measure hepatitis C virus (HCV) sero-prevalence, prevalence, hepatitis risk characteristics frequency, and genotype correlation with viral load among clients attending health care clinics.
Venous blood samples from l12 226 consecutive consenting adults were collected from January 2006 through December 2009. HCV antibodies were detected by immunoassay. HCV RNA was detected by qRT-PCR and viral genotype was performed by PCR and LIPA test.
The HCV seroprevalence observed was l.5 % (C.I. 95% l.3-l.7), from seropositive individuals 60.9 % reported previous blood transfusion, 28.3% declared to have relatives with cirrhosis, 25.2% had tattoos or piercings, and 6.9% referred to have used drugs. Male gender and transfusion (p<0.001) were the most frequent hepatitis risk characteristics in the HCV seropositive group. Among seropositive subjects 48.3% presented HCV RNA.The most frequent genotype detected in all geographic areas of Mexico was l (subtype lA, 33%; subtype lB, 21.4%) followed by genotype 2 (subtype 2A, 8.50%). Subjects with genotype 1 had a significant correlation with the highest viral load.
Our results show that nearly half of seropositive individuals are chronically infected. HCV infection has been shown in this study to be an emerging health problem in Mexico.
测量在就诊于诊所的患者中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）血清流行率、流行率、肝炎风险特征频率以及基因型与病毒载量的相关性。
从 2006 年 1 月至 2009 年 12 月，采集了 12226 名连续同意的成年患者的静脉血样本。通过免疫测定法检测 HCV 抗体。通过 qRT-PCR 检测 HCV RNA，并通过 PCR 和 LIPA 试验进行病毒基因型检测。
观察到的 HCV 血清流行率为 1.5%（95%置信区间为 1.3-1.7%），在血清阳性个体中，60.9%报告有既往输血史，28.3%宣称有肝硬化亲属，25.2%有纹身或穿孔，6.9%报告有吸毒史。男性性别和输血（p<0.001）是 HCV 血清阳性组中最常见的肝炎风险特征。在血清阳性者中，48.3%存在 HCV RNA。在墨西哥所有地理区域最常检测到的基因型是 1（亚型 1A，33%；亚型 1B，21.4%），其次是基因型 2（亚型 2A，8.50%）。基因型 1 与最高病毒载量存在显著相关性。
我们的结果表明，近一半的血清阳性者为慢性感染者。本研究表明，HCV 感染在墨西哥已成为一个新出现的健康问题。
