Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain.
Ecotoxicology. 2012 Jan;21(1):225-33. doi: 10.1007/s10646-011-0781-3. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
Pollution is one of the main concerns in marine ecosystems nowadays. Environmental anthropogenic-mediated toxicants may affect genetic diversity both at the individual and ecosystem levels and may also alter the genetic structure of populations. This study examined the temporal pattern of genetic diversity among populations of the benthic bivalve Ensis siliqua in two locations of Galicia, following the Prestige oil spillage. On November 13, 2002 the oil tanker Prestige sank at 240 km from Galician coast and 63,000 tonnes of heavy fuel were released to the marine environment. E. siliqua samples were sampled between 2001 and 2006. Genetic variation was assessed by means of Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). A significant decrease in genetic diversity was observed for the 2006 samples. Nei's genetic distance, fixation index (PhiPT), and PCA values also supported differences in the 2006 samples. We hypothesize that the temporal genetic variation observed in E. siliqua populations is due to a strong effect of genetic drift caused by a reduction in population size and that the indirect effects of the Prestige spill possibly caused this reduction.
污染是当今海洋生态系统的主要关注点之一。环境人为介导的毒物可能会影响个体和生态系统水平的遗传多样性，并可能改变种群的遗传结构。本研究在 2002 年 11 月 13 日 Prestige 号油轮在加利西亚海岸 240 公里处沉没，63000 吨重燃料泄漏到海洋环境后，调查了加利西亚两个地点的底栖双壳贝类贻贝 Ensis siliqua 种群的遗传多样性的时间格局。贻贝样本于 2001 年至 2006 年期间采集。通过随机扩增多态性 DNA (RAPD) 评估遗传变异。2006 年的样本显示遗传多样性显著下降。Nei 的遗传距离、固定指数 (PhiPT) 和 PCA 值也支持 2006 年样本的差异。我们假设贻贝种群中观察到的时间遗传变异是由于种群大小减少导致遗传漂变的强烈影响造成的，而 Prestige 泄漏的间接影响可能导致了这种减少。
