LEPAE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
Environ Technol. 2011 Apr;32(5-6):673-83. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2010.510535.
Pesticides have been responsible for strong environmental impacts, mainly due to their persistence in the environment. Removal technologies are usually combined, because degradation of organic matter is needed prior to a tertiary treatment to guarantee pesticides elimination to levels below legal limits (normally 0.1 microg L(-1)). Pine bark was studied as an alternative to activated carbon, for organochlorine pesticides removal. A combination of technologies based on biodegradation with activated sludge followed by pine bark adsorption treatment was used for lindane (LIN) and heptachlor (HEP) removal from contaminated waters. Pesticides were quantified throughout the process by GC-ECD preceded by solid-phase microextraction (SPME). An experimental set-up was maintained for 4 months, by feeding a standard solution with pesticides concentration of 1 microg L(-1) each and known organic matter (Chemical Oxygen Demand, COD, -563 mg O2 L(-1)) on a daily basis. COD suffered a reduction of about 81% in the biological step and no increase was detected in the subsequent adsorption treatment. Overall removal efficiency was 76.6% and above 77.7% for LIN and HEP, respectively.
农药对环境造成了严重的影响，主要是因为它们在环境中具有持久性。去除技术通常是结合使用的，因为在进行三级处理以保证农药的去除率达到法定限制（通常为 0.1 微克/升）之前，需要先降解有机物。研究发现，松树皮可以替代活性炭，用于去除有机氯农药。采用基于生物降解的技术与活性污泥相结合，然后进行松树皮吸附处理，用于从受污染的水中去除林丹（LIN）和七氯（HEP）。通过固相微萃取（SPME）预处理，在整个过程中使用 GC-ECD 对农药进行定量分析。通过每天向含有已知有机物（化学需氧量，COD，-563mgO2/L）和 1 微克/升浓度的农药标准溶液进料，实验装置运行了 4 个月。在生物处理步骤中，COD 减少了约 81%，而在随后的吸附处理中没有检测到增加。总的去除效率分别为 76.6%和 77.7%以上，对于 LIN 和 HEP 而言。
