Pickersgill Martyn
Public Health Sciences Section, Division of Community Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK.
Hist Psychiatry. 2010 Sep;21(83 Pt 3):294-311. doi: 10.1177/0957154X09102800.
The history of psychiatry is often portrayed through the metaphor of a pendulum, the profession swinging back and forth between a concern with psyche and soma. Recent work critiquing the pendulum metaphor, however, suggests that it does not account for the complexity of psychiatry. This article explores the metaphor through an analysis of the changing aetiological accounts of personality disorders associated with antisocial behaviour advanced in the American Journal of Psychiatry from 1950 onwards. It is argued that the social, scientific and economic factors which help shape overarching professional trends in psychiatry only partly structure personality disorder discourse. If the pendulum swings, therefore, not all psychiatrists move with it.
精神病学的历史常被用钟摆的隐喻来描绘，该专业在关注心理与躯体之间来回摆动。然而，近期对钟摆隐喻提出批评的研究表明，它无法解释精神病学的复杂性。本文通过分析1950年以来《美国精神病学杂志》中提出的与反社会行为相关的人格障碍病因解释的变化，来探讨这一隐喻。有人认为，有助于塑造精神病学总体专业趋势的社会、科学和经济因素只是部分地构建了人格障碍的话语体系。因此，如果钟摆摆动，并非所有精神病医生都会随之而动。
