Mandel I D
Columbia University, School of Dental and Oral Surgery, New York, New York 10032.
J Oral Pathol Med. 1990 Mar;19(3):119-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00809.x.
It is becoming increasingly apparent to investigators and clinicians in a variety of disciplines that saliva has many diagnostic uses and is especially valuable in the young, the old and infirm and in large scale screening and epidemiologic studies. The highly sensitive test procedures that are now commonplace makes it practical to quantitate, despite very low concentrations, a large number of hormones and drugs in saliva. Indeed, all steroids of diagnostic significance in routine clinical endocrinology can now be readily measured in saliva. Drug monitoring can include abusive as well as therapeutic agents. The concordance between anti HIV antibodies in saliva and serum has stimulated application to various other antiviral antibodies as well as to viral antigens per se. Saliva has found use as a diagnostic aid in an increasing number of clinical situations and in systemic diseases that can affect salivary gland function and composition such as Sjögren's syndrome, cystic fibrosis and diseases of the adrenal cortex. The list keeps growing.
越来越多不同学科的研究人员和临床医生都清楚地认识到，唾液具有多种诊断用途，在年轻人、老年人、体弱者以及大规模筛查和流行病学研究中尤其有价值。如今常见的高灵敏度检测程序使得即使唾液中激素和药物浓度很低，也能够对大量此类物质进行定量分析。实际上，常规临床内分泌学中所有具有诊断意义的类固醇现在都能很容易地在唾液中检测出来。药物监测既可以包括滥用药物，也可以包括治疗药物。唾液中抗HIV抗体与血清中抗HIV抗体的一致性促使人们将其应用于其他各种抗病毒抗体以及病毒抗原本身。在越来越多的临床情况以及可能影响唾液腺功能和成分的全身性疾病（如干燥综合征、囊性纤维化和肾上腺皮质疾病）中，唾液已被用作诊断辅助手段。这样的例子越来越多。
