Ginhoux Florent, Merad Miriam
Singapore immunology network , Agency for science, technology and research, Immunos, Biopolis, Singapour.
Med Sci (Paris). 2011 Aug-Sep;27(8-9):719-24. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2011278013. Epub 2011 Aug 31.
Microglia are the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system (CNS). Adequate microglia function is crucial for the homeostasis of the CNS in health and disease, as they represent the first line of defence against pathogens, contributing to immune responses, but are also involved in tissue repair and remodeling. It is therefore crucial to better understand microglia origin and homeostasis. Much controversy remains regarding the nature of microglial progenitors, as the exact contribution and persistence of embryonic and post-natal hematopoietic progenitors to the adult microglial pool in the steady state remained unclear. In this study, we show that post-natal hematopoietic progenitors do not significantly contribute to microglia homeostasis in the adult brain in mice. In vivo lineage tracing studies established that adult microglia derives from primitive hematopoietic progenitors that arise before embryonic day 8. These results identify microglia as an ontogenically distinct population in the mononuclear phagocyte system and have implications for the use of embryonically-derived microglial progenitors for the treatment of various brain disorders.
小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统（CNS）中的常驻巨噬细胞群体。适当的小胶质细胞功能对于健康和患病状态下CNS的稳态至关重要，因为它们是抵御病原体的第一道防线，有助于免疫反应，但也参与组织修复和重塑。因此，更好地了解小胶质细胞的起源和稳态至关重要。关于小胶质细胞祖细胞的性质仍存在很多争议，因为在稳态下胚胎和出生后造血祖细胞对成年小胶质细胞池的确切贡献和持续性仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们表明出生后造血祖细胞对成年小鼠大脑中的小胶质细胞稳态没有显著贡献。体内谱系追踪研究表明，成年小胶质细胞源自胚胎第8天之前出现的原始造血祖细胞。这些结果将小胶质细胞确定为单核吞噬细胞系统中一个在个体发生上不同的群体，并对使用胚胎来源的小胶质细胞祖细胞治疗各种脑部疾病具有启示意义。
