Rosenberg S W
NCI Monogr. 1990(9):173-8.
Radiation therapy (RT) and chemotherapy have increased long-term survival with certain cancers. The use of dental investigation and treatment of chronic or delayed oral complications is developing. Altered dental root development, enamel opacities, hypocalcifications, periodontal problems, and a higher caries rate are seen in children treated with chemotherapy. The psychosocial implications of long-term survival on routine dental care are important. Prevention and treatment of long-term oral complications of radiation therapy are changing. Osteoradionecrosis remains complicated and devastating. Strategies that avoid post-RT extractions include caries prevention, oral hygiene measures, meticulous restorative dentistry, overdentures, and improved posts for endodontically treated teeth. Guidelines for post-RT extractions vary greatly. Pediatric patients who receive head and neck irradiation may have total arrest of tooth and jaw development within the portal. The dentist must be able to diagnose and treat the variety of alterations already identified and should engage in scholarly research to answer the questions that remain.
放射治疗（RT）和化疗提高了某些癌症患者的长期生存率。针对慢性或延迟性口腔并发症的牙科检查和治疗正在发展。接受化疗的儿童会出现牙根发育改变、牙釉质混浊、钙化不全、牙周问题以及龋齿率升高的情况。长期生存对常规牙科护理的社会心理影响很重要。放射治疗长期口腔并发症的预防和治疗正在发生变化。放射性骨坏死仍然复杂且具有破坏性。避免放疗后拔牙的策略包括预防龋齿、口腔卫生措施、精细的修复牙科、覆盖义齿以及改善根管治疗牙齿的桩核。放疗后拔牙的指导方针差异很大。接受头颈部放疗的儿科患者可能会在照射野内出现牙齿和颌骨发育完全停滞的情况。牙医必须能够诊断和治疗已确定的各种改变，并且应该进行学术研究以解答尚存的问题。
