Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, 440 Scurfield Hall, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Risk Anal. 2012 Jan;32(1):67-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01675.x. Epub 2011 Aug 29.
More than 1 billion people, the vast majority of which live in the developing world, lack basic access to clean water for domestic use. For this reason, finding and promoting effective and sustainable solutions for the provision of reliable clean water in developing nations has become a focus of several public health and international development efforts. Even though several means of providing centrally located sources of clean water in developing communities exist, the severity and widespread nature of the water problem has led most development agencies and sanitation experts to strongly advocate the use of point-of-use treatment systems alongside whatever source of water people regularly use. In doing so, however, development practitioners have been careful to point out that any interventions or infrastructure regarding water safety and human health must also adhere to one of the central principles of international development: to facilitate more democratic and participatory models of decision making and governance. To this end, the research reported here focused on the development of a deliberative risk management framework for involving affected stakeholders in decisions about POU water treatment systems. This research, which was grounded in previous studies of structured decision making, took place in two rural villages in the East African nation of Tanzania.
超过 10 亿人，其中绝大多数生活在发展中国家，缺乏基本的家庭清洁用水。出于这个原因，为发展中国家提供可靠清洁水的有效和可持续解决方案已成为一些公共卫生和国际发展努力的重点。尽管为发展中社区提供集中清洁水源的几种方法已经存在，但由于水问题的严重性和广泛性，大多数发展机构和卫生专家强烈主张在人们经常使用的任何水源旁边使用就地处理系统。然而，在这样做的过程中，发展从业者已谨慎指出，任何有关水安全和人类健康的干预或基础设施都必须遵守国际发展的核心原则之一：促进更民主和参与式的决策和治理模式。为此，这里报告的研究重点是制定一个审议性风险管理框架，让受影响的利益相关者参与关于就地处理水系统的决策。这项研究是在坦桑尼亚两个农村村庄进行的，基于之前对结构化决策的研究。
