Sountoulides Petros, Metaxa Linda, Cindolo Luca
Department of Urology, General Hospital of Veria, Asomata Verias 59100, Veria, Greece.
J Med Case Rep. 2011 Sep 2;5:429. doi: 10.1186/1752-1947-5-429.
Renal cell carcinoma is a potentially lethal cancer with aggressive behavior and a propensity for metastatic spread. Due to the fact that the patterns of metastases from renal cell carcinomas are not clearly defined, there have been several reports of cases of renal cell carcinoma associated with rare metastatic sites and atypical presenting symptoms. The present review focuses on these atypical rare clinical presentations of renal cell carcinomas both at the time of diagnosis of the primary tumor but also in the years after radical nephrectomy.
肾细胞癌是一种具有侵袭性且易于发生转移扩散的潜在致命性癌症。由于肾细胞癌转移模式尚未明确界定，已有数篇关于肾细胞癌伴有罕见转移部位和非典型症状的病例报道。本综述聚焦于肾细胞癌在原发性肿瘤诊断时以及根治性肾切除术后数年出现的这些非典型罕见临床表现。
