Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
Toxicol Lett. 2012 Apr 25;210(2):141-54. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.07.032. Epub 2011 Aug 22.
Bisphenol A (BPA), 4-t-octylphenol (4-t-OP), and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) are man-made alkylphenolic environmental contaminants possessing controversial endocrine disruption properties. Nowadays, an increased interest is raised for their accurate determination in biological media in order to estimate the exposure to these compounds and the associated health risk. The aim of this review is to present the available analytical methodologies for biomonitoring these three EDCs in human population. In non-occupational human exposure, they are detected in human matrices in trace level concentrations, commonly lower than 1ng/mL. The use of mass spectrometry based methods is particularly emphasized due to their well known superiority over sensitivity, selectivity and precision, even in difficult matrices, such as blood plasma and serum. Recent and most applicable sample preparation techniques are thoroughly presented. The benefits of solid phase extraction (SPE) and expected developments are demonstrated. Recent results from exposure assessment and epidemiologic studies for BPA, 4-t-OP and 4-NP are summarized and future trends are discussed.
双酚 A（BPA）、4-叔辛基苯酚（4-t-OP）和 4-壬基苯酚（4-NP）是人为合成的烷基酚类环境污染物，具有有争议的内分泌干扰特性。如今，人们对其在生物介质中的准确测定产生了浓厚的兴趣，以便评估接触这些化合物的情况和相关的健康风险。本综述旨在介绍可用于监测这三种 EDC 在人体中暴露情况的分析方法。在非职业性人体暴露中，它们在人体基质中以痕量水平（通常低于 1ng/mL）被检测到。由于基于质谱的方法在灵敏度、选择性和精密度方面具有明显优势，即使在血液血浆和血清等困难基质中也是如此，因此特别强调使用这些方法。彻底介绍了最近和最适用的样品前处理技术。展示了固相萃取（SPE）的优势和预期的发展。总结了 BPA、4-t-OP 和 4-NP 的暴露评估和流行病学研究的最新结果，并讨论了未来的趋势。
