INSERM U897-IFR99, Equipe Avenir Prévention et Prise en Charge des Traumatismes, ISPED, Bordeaux, France.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2011 Nov-Dec;46(6):729-33. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agr126. Epub 2011 Sep 1.
To estimate the frequency with which a group of formerly safe drivers adopt driving while alcohol-intoxicated (DWI), and to determine the factors associated with DWI adoption.
Participants were current employees or recent retirees of the French national electricity and gas company. An annual cohort questionnaire that includes two questions about overall alcohol consumption is sent each year to participants. A Driving Behaviour and Road Safety (DBRS) questionnaire was administered in 2001, 2004 and 2007. Only drivers who participated in the 2001 survey received the 2004 and 2007 questionnaires.
More than 462 participants ceased DWI between 2001 and 2007, while 511 adopted this behaviour for the first time. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of adopting DWI was associated with male gender and with several changes over the preceding years: increased alcohol consumption, increased number of close friends, decreased number of close relatives and decreased attitudes in favour of strict enforcement/regulations.
A large number of offenders stopped DWI between 2001 and 2007, concomitantly with an increased crackdown on road violations in France. But this success was compromised by the occurrence of new drunk drivers. Preventive strategies should target factors that facilitate DWI adoption-in particular, increased alcohol consumption and low acceptance of law enforcement initiatives.
评估一群曾经安全的驾驶员开始酒后驾车（DWI）的频率，并确定与 DWI 采用相关的因素。
参与者为法国国家电力和天然气公司的现任员工或最近退休人员。每年向参与者发送一份包含两个关于总饮酒量问题的年度队列问卷。2001 年、2004 年和 2007 年进行了驾驶行为和道路安全（DBRS）问卷调查。只有参加 2001 年调查的驾驶员才会收到 2004 年和 2007 年的问卷。
在 2001 年至 2007 年间，超过 462 名参与者停止了 DWI，而 511 名参与者首次采用了这种行为。多变量分析表明，采用 DWI 的风险与男性性别以及前几年的几个变化有关：饮酒量增加、密友数量增加、近亲数量减少以及对严格执法/法规的态度减弱。
在 2001 年至 2007 年间，随着法国对道路违规行为的打击力度加大，大量违法者停止了 DWI。但这一成功因新的醉酒司机的出现而受到影响。预防策略应针对促进 DWI 采用的因素，特别是饮酒量增加和对执法倡议的低接受度。
