Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Glycoconj J. 2011 Oct;28(7):473-80. doi: 10.1007/s10719-011-9346-1. Epub 2011 Sep 6.
Deer antler is a highly regenerative tissue that involves cellular differentiation, osteogenesis and ossification processes. Chondroitin sulfate is the major glycosaminoglycan contained in antler connective tissue and has been isolated from cartilaginous antler by 4 M GuHCl extraction, gradient ultracentrifugation and chromatography techniques. We examined the disaccharide composition by 2-AB labeling and anion exchange HPLC analysis of the three resultant fractions (high, medium and low density fractions). The high density fraction consists of A-unit and D-unit disaccharide in the ratio of 1:1, whereas, the CS disaccharide composition ratio of A- unit:C-unit:D-Unit:E-unit contained in medium and low density fractions are 3:4:3:1 and 2:2:2:1, respectively. The only intact CS oligosaccharides of the medium density fraction upregulated gene expression of bone-specific proteins of a human osteoblastic cell line (hFOB1.19). Thus, CS oligosaccharides from cartilaginous deer antler, with their oversulfated chondroitin sulfate composition, demonstrated the physiological properties and may be good candidates for osteogenetic agents in humans.
鹿茸是一种高度再生的组织，涉及细胞分化、成骨和骨化过程。硫酸软骨素是鹿茸结缔组织中主要的糖胺聚糖，已通过 4 M GuHCl 提取、梯度超速离心和色谱技术从软骨状鹿茸中分离出来。我们通过 2-AB 标记和阴离子交换 HPLC 分析三种所得级分（高密度、中密度和低密度级分）检查了二糖组成。高密度级分由 A 单元和 D 单元二糖组成，比例为 1:1，而中密度和低密度级分中 CS 二糖组成比例分别为 A-单元：C-单元：D-单元：E-单元为 3:4:3:1 和 2:2:2:1。中密度级分中唯一完整的 CS 寡糖上调了人成骨细胞系（hFOB1.19）的骨特异性蛋白的基因表达。因此，具有过度硫酸化软骨素组成的软骨状鹿茸 CS 寡糖表现出生理特性，可能是人类成骨剂的良好候选物。
