Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, A8000, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2011 Dec;25(4):573-82. doi: 10.1037/a0025209. Epub 2011 Sep 5.
Twenty-first birthday celebrations often involve dangerously high levels of alcohol consumption, yet little is known about risk factors for excessive drinking on this occasion. Participants (N = 150) from a larger prospective study who consumed at least one drink during their celebration completed questionnaires and semistructured interviews about their 21st birthday within four days after the event. Assessments were designed to characterize 21st birthday alcohol use, adjusted for alcohol content, as well as situational/contextual factors (e.g., celebration location, peer influence) that contribute to event-level drinking. Participants reported an average of 10.85 drinks (9.76 adjusted drinks), with experienced drinkers consuming significantly more than relatively naïve drinkers who had no previous binge or drunken episodes. Men consumed more drinks, whereas age of first drunken episode and heavier drinking during the 3-months preceding the 21st birthday predicted higher estimated blood alcohol concentrations (eBACs) on the 21st birthday. Celebrating in bars and engaging in birthday-specific drinking traditions (free drinks at bars) explained additional variance in 21st birthday eBACs. Both physical consequences (e.g., blacking out or having a hangover) and behavioral risks (e.g., sexually provocative behaviors) were prevalent and were predicted by higher eBACs. Together these findings indicate that 21st birthday celebrations are associated with heavy drinking and a variety of physical consequences and behavioral risks.
二十一岁生日庆祝活动通常涉及危险的高酒精摄入量，但对于这种情况下过量饮酒的风险因素知之甚少。在一项更大的前瞻性研究中，参与者（N=150）在庆祝活动期间至少喝了一杯酒，他们在事件发生后四天内完成了关于他们 21 岁生日的问卷和半结构化访谈。评估旨在描述 21 岁生日的酒精使用情况，根据酒精含量以及导致事件级饮酒的情境/背景因素（例如，庆祝地点、同伴影响）进行调整。参与者报告平均饮用了 10.85 杯（9.76 杯调整后），有经验的饮酒者比没有以前狂欢或醉酒经历的相对天真的饮酒者饮用的酒更多。男性饮酒更多，而首次醉酒发作的年龄和 21 岁生日前三个月的重度饮酒预测 21 岁生日时的血液酒精浓度（eBAC）更高。在酒吧庆祝并参与生日特定的饮酒传统（酒吧免费饮料）解释了 21 岁生日 eBAC 中更多的差异。身体后果（例如，昏迷或宿醉）和行为风险（例如，性行为挑逗行为）都很普遍，并且由更高的 eBAC 预测。这些发现表明，21 岁生日庆祝活动与大量饮酒以及各种身体后果和行为风险有关。
