Lohocla Research Corporation, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012 Feb;36(2):332-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01605.x. Epub 2011 Sep 6.
Proper ascertainment of the history of alcohol consumption by an individual is an important component of medical diagnosis of disease and influences the implementation of appropriate treatment strategies that include prescription of medication, as well as intervention for the negative physical and social consequences of hazardous/harmful levels of alcohol consumption. Biological (biometric) diagnostic tests that provide information on current and past quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption by an individual, prior to onset of organ damage, continue to be sought.
Platelet monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) protein was quantitated in 2 populations of subjects who had histories of different levels of alcohol consumption. Levels were assayed by immunoblotting or by ELISA. The development and evaluation of the new ELISA-based measure of platelet MAO-B protein levels is described.
One subject population constituted a nontreatment-seeking, cross-sectional subject sample, and the other population was a longitudinally followed, hospitalized group of subjects. An algorithm combining measures of platelet MAO-B protein with the plasma levels of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) and with liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase or γ-glutamyltransferase [GGT]) can detect hazardous/harmful alcohol use (HHAU) with the highest sensitivity and specificity in the cross-sectional nontreatment-seeking population. In the treatment-seeking population, low MAO-B protein levels at admission are associated with heavy drinking prior to admission, and these protein levels increase over a period of abstinence from alcohol.
The platelet MAO-B protein measurement is particularly effective for male alcohol consumers. The combined use of MAO-B protein measures together with measures of CDT and GGT does, however, improve the diagnostic utility of both markers for ascertaining HHAU in women. Furthermore, measurement of changes in platelet MAO-B protein levels during treatment for alcohol dependence may help monitor the success of the treatment program.
个体饮酒史的准确确定是疾病医学诊断的重要组成部分，会影响适当治疗策略的实施，包括药物处方以及对危险/有害饮酒水平的负面生理和社会后果的干预。人们一直在寻找能够提供个体在器官损伤发生之前当前和过去饮酒量和频率信息的生物（生物计量）诊断测试。
通过免疫印迹或 ELISA 定量检测了具有不同饮酒史的 2 个人群的血小板单胺氧化酶 B（MAO-B）蛋白。描述了新的基于 ELISA 的血小板 MAO-B 蛋白水平测量方法的开发和评估。
一个研究对象群体是未接受治疗的横断面研究对象样本，另一个群体是接受长期随访的住院研究对象群体。将血小板 MAO-B 蛋白的测量值与血浆中糖缺乏转铁蛋白（CDT）和肝酶（天冬氨酸氨基转移酶或γ-谷氨酰转移酶[GGT]）的测量值相结合的算法可以在未接受治疗的横断面研究对象群体中以最高的灵敏度和特异性检测到危险/有害饮酒（HHAU）。在接受治疗的人群中，入院时的低 MAO-B 蛋白水平与入院前的大量饮酒有关，并且这些蛋白水平在戒酒期间会增加。
血小板 MAO-B 蛋白测量特别适用于男性饮酒者。但是，将 MAO-B 蛋白测量值与 CDT 和 GGT 测量值结合使用确实可以提高这两种标志物确定女性 HHAU 的诊断效用。此外，在治疗酒精依赖期间测量血小板 MAO-B 蛋白水平的变化可能有助于监测治疗计划的成功。
