Social Medicine Department and Infectious Diseases Division/Internal Medicine Department, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brasil.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Sep;85(3):546-50. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0084.
Paracoccidioidomycosis has been known for over 100 years, and until now, there were only few estimates of the disease's incidence. We aim to analyze 1,000 cases treated between 1960 and 1999 at Ribeirão Preto city, São Paulo, Brazil, where the disease's incidence range detected was 1.6 to 3.7 cases per 100,000 habitants per year (mean = 2.7 cases/year). We observed a male to female ratio of 6:1 and an age distribution from 3 to 85 years. The acute/subacute form of the disease accounted for 25.4% of cases. Most of the patients (93.5%) had lived or worked in rural areas before the disease development. Smoking and alcoholism were reported by 64.7% and 37.2% of patients, respectively. Comorbidities identified included tuberculosis (8.3%), Chagas' disease (8.6%), and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (4.2%). The present study revealed an area in Brazil where paracoccidioidomycosis is hyperendemic (has the highest reported incidence of this disease); this endemic area is probably caused by geological and climatic conditions as well as intensive agriculture.
球孢子菌病（一种由粗球孢子菌引起的传染性疾病）已有 100 多年的历史，直到现在，这种疾病的发病率仅有少数估计。我们旨在分析 1960 年至 1999 年在巴西圣保罗里贝朗普雷托市治疗的 1000 例病例，在此期间，该疾病的发病率范围为每年每 10 万人中有 1.6 至 3.7 例（平均值为 2.7 例/年）。我们观察到男女比例为 6:1，年龄分布在 3 至 85 岁之间。疾病的急性/亚急性形式占病例的 25.4%。大多数患者（93.5%）在发病前曾在农村生活或工作。分别有 64.7%和 37.2%的患者报告有吸烟和酗酒史。确定的合并症包括结核病（8.3%）、恰加斯病（8.6%）和人类免疫缺陷病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（4.2%）。本研究揭示了巴西一个球孢子菌病高发地区（这种疾病发病率最高）；这种地方性疾病可能是由地质和气候条件以及密集农业造成的。
