中枢神经系统药物的使用模式：一项针对重症患者的横断面研究。

Utilization patterns of central nervous system drugs: A cross-sectional study among the critically ill patients.

作者信息

John Lisha Jenny, Devi Padmini, John Jenny, Arifulla Mohamed, Guido Shoba

机构信息

Department of Pharmacology, Gulf Medical University, UAE.

出版信息

J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2011 Jul;2(2):119-23. doi: 10.4103/0976-3147.83574.

DOI:10.4103/0976-3147.83574

PMID:21897671

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3159344/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Critically ill patients often receive central nervous system drugs due to primary disorder or complications secondary to multiorgan failure. The aim of the study was to evaluate the current utilization pattern of central nervous system drugs among patients in the medical intensive care unit.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A prospective observational study carried out over a period of 1 year. The relevant data on drug prescription of each patient was collected from the inpatient case record. Drugs were classified into different groups based on WHO-ATC classification. The demographic data, clinical data, and utilization of different classes of drugs as well as individual drugs were analyzed.

RESULTS

A total of 325 consecutive patients were included for the analysis; 211 (65%) patients were males; 146 patients (45%) were above 55 years of age. Encephalopathy [63(19.38%)] and stroke [62(19%)] were the common central nervous system diagnoses. In a total of 1237 drugs, 68% of the drugs were prescribed by trade name. Midazolam (N05CD08) 142 (43.69%), morphine (N02AA01) 201 (61.84%), and atracurium (M03AC04) 82 (25.23%) were the most commonly used sedative, analgesic, and neuromuscular blocker, respectively. Phenytoin (N03AB02) 151 (46.46%) had maximum representation among antiepileptic agents.

CONCLUSIONS

Utilization of drugs from multiple central nervous system drug classes was noticed. Rational use of drugs can be encouraged by prescription by brand name.

摘要

引言

重症患者常因原发性疾病或多器官功能衰竭继发的并发症而使用中枢神经系统药物。本研究的目的是评估医学重症监护病房患者中枢神经系统药物的当前使用模式。

材料与方法

进行为期1年的前瞻性观察研究。从住院病历中收集每位患者的相关药物处方数据。根据世界卫生组织药物解剖学治疗学化学分类法将药物分为不同组。分析人口统计学数据、临床数据、不同类别药物以及个别药物的使用情况。

结果

共纳入325例连续患者进行分析；211例（65%）为男性；146例（45%）年龄在55岁以上。脑病[63例（19.38%）]和中风[62例（19%）]是常见的中枢神经系统诊断。在总共1237种药物中，68%的药物是按商品名开具的。咪达唑仑（N05CD08）142例（43.69%）、吗啡（N02AA01）201例（61.84%）和阿曲库铵（M03AC04）82例（25.23%）分别是最常用的镇静剂、镇痛药和神经肌肉阻滞剂。苯妥英（N03AB02）151例（46.46%）在抗癫痫药物中占比最高。