Gretchen Swanson Center for Human Nutrition, 505 Durham Research Plaza, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2012 Jan;15(1):97-109. doi: 10.1017/S1368980011002059. Epub 2011 Sep 7.
Due to a proliferation of measures for different components of the home environment related to childhood obesity, the purpose of the present systematic review was to examine these tools and the degree to which they can validly and reliably assess the home environment.
Relevant manuscripts published between 1998 and 2010 were obtained through electronic database searches and manual searches of reference lists. Manuscripts were included if the researchers reported on a measure of the home environment related to child eating and physical activity (PA) and childhood obesity and reported on at least one psychometric property.
Of the forty papers reviewed, 48 % discussed some aspect of parenting specific to food. Fifty-per cent of the manuscripts measured food availability/accessibility, 18 % measured PA availability/accessibility, 20 % measured media availability/accessibility, 30 % focused on feeding style, 23 % focused on parenting related to PA and 20 % focused on parenting related to screen time.
Many researchers chose to design new measures for their studies but often the items employed were brief and there was a lack of transparency in the psychometric properties. Many of the current measures of the home food and PA environment focus on one or two constructs; more comprehensive measures as well as short screeners guided by theoretical models are necessary to capture influences in the home on food and PA behaviours of children. Finally, the current measures of the home environment do not necessarily translate to specific sub-populations. Recommendations were made for future validation of measures in terms of appropriate psychometric testing.
由于与儿童肥胖相关的家庭环境的不同组成部分的测量方法大量增加，本系统评价的目的是检查这些工具以及它们在多大程度上可以有效地、可靠地评估家庭环境。
通过电子数据库搜索和手动搜索参考文献，获得了 1998 年至 2010 年期间发表的相关文献。如果研究人员报告了与儿童饮食和身体活动（PA）以及儿童肥胖相关的家庭环境测量方法，并报告了至少一项心理测量特性，则将文献纳入研究。
在审查的四十篇论文中，48%的论文讨论了与食物特定相关的育儿方面。50%的论文测量食物的可获得性/可及性，18%测量 PA 的可获得性/可及性，20%测量媒体的可获得性/可及性，30%专注于喂养方式，23%专注于与 PA 相关的育儿，20%专注于与屏幕时间相关的育儿。
许多研究人员选择为他们的研究设计新的测量方法，但通常使用的项目都很简短，心理测量特性缺乏透明度。目前许多家庭食物和 PA 环境的测量方法主要集中在一个或两个结构上；需要更全面的测量方法以及由理论模型指导的简短筛选器，以捕捉家庭对儿童食物和 PA 行为的影响。最后，目前家庭环境的测量方法不一定适用于特定的亚人群。建议在适当的心理测量测试方面对未来的测量方法进行验证。
